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Learning Objectives
  • 6-1: Describe changes in the management function.
  • 6-2: Describe the four functions of management.
  • 6-3: Relate planning and decision making to company goals.
  • 6-4: Describe the organizing function.
  • 6-5: Explain differences between leaders and managers, and leadership styles.
  • 6-6: Summarize the five steps of the control function.
Getting to Know Angela F. Williams, CEO of United Way Worldwide
  • Angela F. Williams, CEO of United Way Worldwide, has a background in military, government, and nonprofit sectors, emphasizing service.
Managers’ Roles are Evolving
  • Modern managers are collaborative, focusing on teamwork, communication, planning, organizing, motivating, and leading.
Empowering Employees
  • Modern managers empower employees to make informed decisions for customer satisfaction, boosting engagement.
The Four Functions of Management
  • Management consists of four main functions:
    • Planning
    • Organizing
    • Leading
    • Controlling
Detailed Functions of Management
Planning
  • Setting organizational goals, developing strategies, identifying resources, and establishing performance standards.
Organizing
  • Allocating resources, assigning tasks, structuring authority, and recruiting/developing personnel.
Leading
  • Guiding and motivating employees, assigning tasks, clarifying policies, and providing performance feedback.
Controlling
  • Measuring performance against objectives, monitoring results, rewarding performance, and taking corrective actions.
TESTPREP 1
  • 1. What are some changes happening in management today?
  • 2. What’s the definition of management used in this chapter?
  • 3. What are the four functions of management?
Planning and Decision Making
Planning Overview
  • Planning sets the organization’s vision, goals, and objectives, providing purpose and cohesive values.
Mission Statement
  • Defines the organization's self-concept, philosophy, long-term survival, customer needs, social responsibility, and products/services.
Goals and Objectives
  • Goals: Desired outcomes, often collaborative.
  • Objectives: Specific, measurable actions to achieve goals.
SWOT Analysis
  • Strengths: Core competencies (e.g., management quality, cost advantages).
  • Weaknesses: Strategic misdirection, outdated facilities, lack of talent.
  • Opportunities: Market expansion, new customer engagement.
  • Threats: Competition, market stagnation, evolving buyer preferences.
Forms of Planning
  • Strategic Planning: Top managers set long-term goals and resources.
  • Tactical Planning: Lower management identifies short-term objectives.
  • Contingency Planning: Backup strategies for potential failures.
  • Operational Planning: Detailed work schedules and standards.
TESTPREP 2
  • 1. What’s the difference between goals and objectives?
  • 2. What does a company analyze during a SWOT analysis?
  • 3. What are the differences among strategic, tactical, and operational planning?
  • 4. What are the six Ds of decision making?
Organizing: Creating a Unified System
Levels of Management
  • Top Management: Strategic decisions, overall governance.
  • Middle Management: Implements policies, supervises lower management.
  • Supervisory Management (First-Line Managers): Direct supervision of non-supervisory employees.
Skills Across Management Levels
  • Technical Skills: First-line managers.
  • Human Relations Skills: Critical at all levels.
  • Conceptual Skills: Most important for top management.
Staffing: Getting and Keeping the Right People
  • Staffing is crucial; collaboration with HR ensures talent acquisition and retention.
Six Sins of Staffing
  1. Hiring out of urgency.
  2. Overemphasis on appearances.
  3. Inadequate candidate screening.
  4. Neglecting constructive feedback.
  5. Promotions based solely on tenure.
  6. Financial actions undermining trust.
Leading: Providing Continuous Vision and Values
Leadership Responsibilities
  • Communicate vision, establish values, promote ethics, embrace change with accountability.
Leadership Styles
  • Autocratic Leadership: Authoritative, suited for emergencies or unskilled workers.
  • Participative Leadership: Involves employees in decision-making, increasing satisfaction.
  • Free-rein Leadership: Effective with independent professionals.
Empowering Workers
  • Empowerment boosts responsibility and organizational effectiveness.
Work Smarter Strategies
  • Hire reliable personnel, manage output, acknowledge achievements, provide training, empower lower-level managers, and leverage technology.
Managing Knowledge
  • Essential for efficiency, converting information into useful knowledge for employees.
Controlling: Making Sure It Works
Five Steps of Controlling
  1. Establish clear performance standards.
  2. Monitor and record actual performance.
  3. Compare actual results against standards.
  4. Communicate results and deviations.
  5. Undertake corrective action and provide feedback.
TESTPREP 3
  • 1. How does enabling contribute to empowerment?
  • 2. What are the five steps in the control process?
  • 3. What’s the difference between internal and external customers?