Melatonin: Media Hype, Science, and Psychology as a Science
- In November 1995, media extensively promoted melatonin as a "natural wonder drug" for various effects like aging and insomnia.
- Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, located in the center of the brain.
- Unlike media claims based on testimonials, psychologists require sound, replicable scientific research before accepting such benefits.
Scientific Findings Since the Craze:
- May help counter jet lag (Paul et al., 2010).
- May prevent heart damage in rats and human males after exercise (Ochoa et al., 2011; Veneroso et al., 2009).
- May slow aging of mitochondria in mouse brains (Carretero et al., 2009).
- May possibly aid in treating some early-stage cancers (Kubatka et al., 2018).
Psychology as a Science and Sources of Knowledge
- Scientists, including psychologists, primarily use the scientific method to obtain knowledge.
- This contrasts with common-sense reasoning, which, while sometimes true, is often flawed and prone to biases.
- The fragility of common sense and the complexity of gathering psychological knowledge are key themes.
Ethical and Practical Implications
- Caution is needed against marketing supplements with unverified claims due to potential risks.
- Researchers use controlled studies, careful attention to variables, and replication to test effects.
Numerical References
- (Paul et al., 2010)
- (Ochoa et al., 2011)
- (Veneroso et al., 2009)
- (Carretero et al., 2009)
- (Kubatka et al., 2018)