Limited Reserves/ Ample Reserves
Easy / Expansionary monetary policy
Expansionary open market operations = Buy bonds
Expansionary reserve requirements = Decrease
Expansionary discount rate = Decrease
Expansionary interest on reserves = Decrease
Expansionary policy rate = Decrease
Expansionary federal funds rate = Decrease
Expansionary interest rates = Decrease
Expansionary investment = Increase
Expansionary foreign demand for dollars = Decrease
Expansionary dollar value = Decrease / Depreciates
Expansionary exports = Increase
Expansionary imports = Decrease
Expansionary net exports = Increase
Expansionary aggregate demand = Increase
Expansionary employment = Increase
Expansionary GDP = Increase
Expansionary price level = Increase
Tight / Contractionary monetary policy
Contractionary open market operations = Sell bonds
Contractionary reserve requirements = Increase
Contractionary discount rate = Increase
Contractionary interest on reserves = Increase
Contractionary policy rate = Increase
Contractionary federal funds rate = Increase
Contractionary interest rates = Increase
Contractionary investment = Decrease
Contractionary foreign demand for dollars = Increase
Contractionary dollar value = Increase / Appreciates
Contractionary exports = Decrease
Contractionary imports = Increase
Contractionary net exports = Decrease
Contractionary aggregate demand = Decrease
Contractionary employment = Decrease
Contractionary GDP = Decrease
Contractionary price level = Decrease
Memory chain:
Easy money = D rates → I investment → D dollar → I exports → I NX → I AD
Tight money = I rates → D investment → I dollar → D exports → D NX → D AD