Fertilisation

Fertilization

• Definition: Fertilization is the process where two gametes fuse to form a zygote.

  • Results in offspring having a complete set of genetic information.

  • Genetic material is contributed equally by the male and female gametes.

Types of Fertilization

• Internal Fertilization:

  • Occurs inside the female body.

  • Involves the direct union of an egg and sperm cell during sexual reproduction.

  • Typically seen in many terrestrial organisms and some aquatic ones.

• External Fertilization:

  • Occurs outside the female organism's body.

  • Involves the fertilization of eggs by sperm in the environment.

  • Common in many aquatic organisms like fish and amphibians.

Asexual Reproduction

• Budding (Blastogenesis):

  • A form of asexual reproduction.

  • Involves the development of a new organism from an outgrowth or "bud" on a parent organism.

  • Occurs due to localized cell division at a specific site.

  • Example organisms include hydra and certain types of yeast.