Contemporary Community Pharmacy Practice Notes

Overview of Contemporary Community Pharmacy Practice

  • Presenter Information: John Papastergiou, BScPhm, PhD, Community Pharmacist/Owner and Assistant Professor.

Practice Site Information

  • Location: Shoppers Drug Mart, GTA, high volume store
  • Demographics: Large, diverse, multiethnic population
  • Volume: 200,000 prescriptions filled annually (Cash: 18%, Government: 47%, Third party: 35%)
  • Competitors: Several local independent pharmacies
  • Nearby Health Facilities: Large community hospital

Challenges in Access to Care

  • Statistics:
    • 6 million Canadians do not have a family physician.
    • 29% can’t access their family doctor timely.
    • 29% of family physicians are planning to retire or change careers soon.
  • Impact: Increased non-urgent visits to ERs, creating a burden on emergency care.

Key Sources

  • Commonwealth Fund survey, 2022 (CIHI)

Expanded Scope of Practice for Pharmacists

Historical Timeline of Changes:

  • 2012: Authorized to initiate therapy for smoking cessation and renew/adapt prescriptions.
  • 2016: Increased authority to renew prescriptions for up to 12 months, admin injections.
  • 2022: Authorized to prescribe for 13 minor ailments.
  • 2023: Authorization to administer 15 additional vaccines, including flu for those > 2 years old.

Current Authorizations:

  • Administer flu vaccines to patients > 2 years old.
  • Conduct 4 Point-of-Care Tests (POCT).

Public Perception and Trust in Pharmacists

  • Positive Impression: 95% of Canadians trust pharmacists.
  • Healthcare Role: 96% view pharmacists as first contact within the health care system.
  • Post-Pandemic Role:
    • Increased view of pharmacists' roles in chronic disease management, prescribing, and vaccinations.

Paxlovid Prescribing Data

  • Statistics: Cumulative total dispensed as of March 26, 2023, totaled 144,990.
  • Timeline: Introduction of community pharmacy dispensing in April 2022, with pharmacist prescribing starting in December 2022.

Opportunities for Pharmacists

  • Public Health Impact: Pharmacists can address chronic disease management gaps through community pharmacy clinics.
  • Pharmacy Care Clinics: 78 clinics across multiple provinces with over 152,000 patients receiving care.
    • 35% of these were for chronic conditions.

Point of Care Testing (POCT) Overview

  • Definition: On-site testing performed during patient consultation.
  • Benefits:
    • Allows for real-time clinical decisions.
    • Engages patients in self-management and monitoring their health.

Market Insight

  • Projected Growth: $81.37 billion market by 2028 largely driven by the pandemic and advances in technology.

Diabetes Management in Community Pharmacy

  • Prevalence: Over 620 Canadians are diagnosed daily with diabetes-related complications.
  • Pharmacists' Role: They see diabetes patients about 15 times a year, offering more opportunities for timely assessment and intervention.
  • Goals: Promote A1C screenings and Diabetes MedsCheck services.

Key Statistics on Diabetes:

  • $82 million spent annually on diabetes care.
  • Potential to reduce amputations significantly by closing care gaps through pharmacy interventions.

Pharmacogenomics and its Importance

  • Definition: Pharmacogenomic testing helps in informed prescribing, reducing adverse drug reactions and costs.
  • Evidence: Emphasizes the role of genetics and demographic factors in drug response and therapy effectiveness.

Future of Community Pharmacy

  • Evolving Roles: Pharmacies must adapt to evolving healthcare needs, such as walk-in clinics and comprehensive chronic disease management.
  • Patient Accessibility: Patients benefit from reduced wait times and improved healthcare access through pharmacist-led initiatives and technology integration.

Conclusion

  • Final Thoughts: The expansion of pharmacists' roles combined with the increased public trust creates significant opportunities within the healthcare system, ensuring better patient outcomes and bridging gaps in chronic disease management.