Nutrition

$Nutrition$ : how an organism gets its food and what type of food it gets

$Diet$ : what you eat on daily basis

Balanced Diet

A $balanced diet$ includes eating the correct amount of

$Protien$
$Carbohydrates$
$Fat$
$Minerals$
$Vitamins$
$Water$

Depending on their

$Age$
$Gender$
$Activity$

The benefits of a a balanced diet are

$Lower risk$ of $disease$
- $Heart disease$
- $Cancer$
- $Diabetes$
$Stronger muscles$ and $bones$
Healthy $body mass$
$Feeling better$

Servings

Serving sizes have increased over the last couple of years
This has lead to an increase in $obesity in children$

Different food types and why you need them

[[Food type[[	[[Healthy source[[	[[Function in body[[	[[Deficiency diseases[[
Protein	Lean meatPoultryFishEggsBeansLentils	GrowthRepair of tissue
CarbohydratesStarch	Brown breadPastaRicePotatoes	Energy
Fibres	Fruit and vegWholemeal cereal	Peristalsis in the digestive system
Vitamins:- Vitamin C- Vitamin D	C:Citrus fruitsKiwi BlackcurrantsD:SunlightDairy products	C:Making new cells D: Healthy bonesWell-being	C: Scurvy D: Rickets
Fat	Vegetable oilsOily fish	Cell membranes
Minerals- Calcium- Iron	Calcium:Daily foods Tinned fishIron:Red meat Green vegetables	Calcium:Bones and teeth Iron:Part of haemoglobin	Calcium: Osteoporosis Iron: Anaemia

Importance of Water

It’s a $solvent$ in the body
$Blood$ is mostly composed of water
Water is a need for all $enzyme action$
Helps maintain $body temperature$
Helps flush $toxins$ out of the body

Food and Energy

Different foods provide different amounts of $energy$
The amount of energy that you get from a food is known as its $energy value$
Measures in $kilojoules per gram$ => $kj/g$

Energy values of different food types

$Protein: 17$
$Carbohydrates: 17$
$Fat: 38$
$Vitamins: 0$

Lifestyle choices

Activity

Benefits include $protection against diseases$ such as:

$Some firms of cancer$
$Stroke$
$Heart disease$
$Osteoporosis$
$Diabetes$

Smoking

Smoking causes a lot of deaths

Half of all smokers die of $smoking related diseases$ such as:

$Cancer$
$Circulatory diseases$
$Respiratory diseases$
$Digestive diseases$

Smoking also causes:

$Sagging and wrinkling skin$
$Yellow teeth$
$Yellow fingers$
$Smelly breath$
$Dry and brittle hair$
$Red eyes$