World History Mid-Term Study Guide

World History Mid-Term Study Guide

Key Artists and Their Works

  • Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci are notable figures of the Renaissance, known for their significant contributions to art and culture.

Geography

  • Italy is located on the Mediterranean Sea, which has historically facilitated trade and cultural exchange.

Renaissance Terminology

  • The term "Renaissance" means "rebirth", denoting a period of renewed interest in art, science, and the classics from ancient Greece and Rome.

Societal Opposition

  • Individuals who opposed the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) during this time were often labeled as heretics.

Biblical Reference

  • A crucial verse explaining the mission of Jesus Christ emphasizes his role in salvation, notably the belief that he came to save sinners.

Title of Jesus

  • The title often attributed to Jesus is "Savior", indicating his role in the redemption of humanity.

The Good News

  • The term "Gospel" refers to the "good news" of Jesus Christ, encompassing the teachings and message of hope he brought.

Historical Documents

  • King John's Great Charter (Magna Carta) established the principle of limited government and the rule of law in England in 1215.

Religious Conflicts

  • The Crusades, often referred to as holy wars, were fought between Muslims and Christians during the 1100s and aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land.

Forms of Government

  • A representative government is one where people elect officials to act on their behalf, ensuring citizen participation in political decision-making.

Religious Leadership

  • The leader of the RCC is the Pope, who holds spiritual authority over the church and its followers.

Significance of Colonization

  • Jamestown and Plymouth were critical in the establishment of early English settlements in America, shaping colonial life and governance.

Global Conflicts

  • The Seven Years' War was called the French and Indian War in North America, highlighting conflicts between British colonial forces and French forces allied with Indigenous nations.

Economic Systems

  • Mercantilism is an economic theory that emphasizes the benefits of trade and acquiring wealth, while Laissez-faire promotes minimal governmental intervention in the economy.

Trade Routes

  • The Triangle Trade was a trade route between Africa, the Americas, and Europe that involved the exchange of goods, raw materials, and slaves.

Exploration and Discovery

  • Notable discoveries by Christopher Columbus included lands in the Caribbean, while Ferdinand Magellan is known for leading the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
  • Columbus initially landed in what is now known as the Bahamas, while the Spice Islands are associated with modern-day Indonesia.

Slave Trade

  • The African slave trade involved the capture and transportation of Africans, some of whom became enslaved individuals in the Americas.

Lesson Reference

  • This study guide primarily focuses on key historical events, figures, and concepts from Lessons 2-3, aimed at preparing students for upcoming assessments in World History.