Church History Study Guide
The Catholic 7 Corporal Works of Mercy are actions that provide for the physical needs of others. They are:
Feed the hungry - Providing food to those in need.
Give drink to the thirsty - Offering water to those who are thirsty or in need.
Clothe the naked - Providing clothing for those who lack sufficient clothing.
Shelter the homeless - Offering shelter to those without a home.
Visit the sick - Spending time with or caring for those who are ill.
Visit the imprisoned - Supporting and visiting those who are in prison.
Burial of the dead - Ensuring that deceased individuals are buried with dignity and respect.
The six precepts of the Catholic Church are basic guidelines intended to help Catholics practice their faith. They are:
Attend Mass on Sundays and holy days of obligation.
Confess your sins at least once a year.
Receive Holy Communion at least during the Easter season.
Observe the days of fasting and abstinence established by the Church.
Provide for the needs of the Church.
Participate in the Church's mission to evangelize.
The four marks of the Catholic Church are essential characteristics that define the Church. They are:
One - The Church is one because of its faith, governance, and the unity of its members.
Holy - The Church is holy because it is founded by Christ and guided by the Holy Spirit, aiming for the holiness of its members.
Catholic - The Church is universal, encompassing all believers and offering the means of salvation to all people.
Apostolic - The Church is apostolic as it is built on the foundation of the apostles and continues their mission through apostolic succession.
The four cardinal virtues are fundamental virtues that are essential for a moral life and are considered the foundation for all other virtues. They are:
Prudence - The ability to judge and choose correctly in all situations.
Justice - The commitment to give each person their due and act fairly.
Fortitude - The courage to confront fear, difficulty, or uncertainty with a strong will.
Temperance - The practice of self-control and moderation in all aspects of life.
The three theological virtues are foundational virtues in Catholic theology that direct the believer's relationship with God. They are:
Faith - The belief in God and in all that He has revealed to humanity, serving as the foundation for a believer's relationship with God.
Hope - The desire for and trust in the promises of God, particularly the promise of eternal life and the grace needed to attain it.
Charity (Love) - The virtue that enables one to love God above all things and to love one's neighbor as oneself for the love of God.
The three pillars of the Church's authority are often identified as:
Sacred Scripture - The collection of sacred texts that are considered authoritative and divinely inspired, serving as the written word of God.
Sacred Tradition - The teachings, practices, and beliefs passed down through the generations from the apostles that complement Sacred Scripture and form a part of the Church's teaching authority.
Magisterium - The teaching authority of the Church, which consists of the Pope and the bishops in communion with him, responsible for interpreting Scripture and Tradition and ensuring the faithful transmission of the Church's teachings.
3 Parts of the Catholic Church
Roman
Greek
Angelican
The three conditions of a moral sin are:
Grave Matter - The act itself must be of serious nature, violating God's commandments.
Full Knowledge - The individual must be aware that the act is sinful and wrong.
Deliberate Consent - The person must freely choose to commit the act, fully aware of its sinful nature.
The three powers of the soul are: 1. Intellect - This power allows the soul to understand, reason, and discern truths. 2. Will - The will is the power to make choices and decisions, enabling a person to act on what they believe is right. 3. Emotion - Emotions are the feelings and passions of the soul, which can influence a person's thoughts and actions.
The two greatest commandments according to Jesus are: 1. Love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul, and mind. 2. Love your neighbor as yourself.
The Ten Commandments of the Catholic Church are guidelines for moral behavior. They are:
I am the Lord your God. You shall not have strange gods before me.
You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
Keep holy the Sabbath day.
Honor your father and your mother.
You shall not kill.
You shall not commit adultery.
You shall not steal.
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
You shall not covet your neighbor's wife.
You shall not covet your neighbor's goods.
The seven sacraments of the Catholic Church are sacred rites instituted by Christ that confer grace. They are:
Baptism - The sacrament of initiation that cleanses a person from original sin and makes them a member of the Church.
Confirmation - The sacrament that strengthens the grace of Baptism and seals a person with the Holy Spirit.
Eucharist - The sacrament of receiving the Body and Blood of Christ, central to Catholic worship and the celebration of Mass.
Penance (Confession) - The sacrament of reconciliation that allows a person to confess sins and receive forgiveness.
Anointing of the Sick - The sacrament that offers spiritual and sometimes physical healing to those who are seriously ill or in danger of death.
Holy Orders - The sacrament through which a man is ordained into the priesthood and is given the authority to serve the Church.
Matrimony (Marriage) - The sacrament that unites a man and a woman in a lifelong covenant of love and commitment.
The seven spiritual works of mercy are actions that provide for the spiritual needs of others. They are:
Instruct the ignorant - Teaching others about the faith and helping them understand spiritual truths.
Counsel the doubtful - Offering guidance and support to those who are uncertain or troubled in their beliefs.
Admonish sinners - Gently correcting those who have gone astray and encouraging them to return to the right path.
Bear wrongs patiently - Enduring offenses and not retaliating, practicing forgiveness and understanding.
Forgive offenses willingly - Granting pardon to those who have wronged us without holding grudges.
Comfort the afflicted - Providing solace and compassion to those who are suffering or in distress.
Pray for the living and the dead - Remembering and interceding for others in prayer, both for those who are alive and for those who have passed away.
The seven corporal works of mercy are actions that address the physical needs of others. They are:
Feed the hungry - Providing food to those in need.
Give drink to the thirsty - Offering water to individuals who are thirsty or in need.
Clothe the naked - Supplying clothing to those who lack adequate clothing.
Shelter the homeless - Offering a place to stay for those without a home.
Visit the sick - Spending time with or offering care to those who are ill.
Visit the imprisoned - Supporting and visiting those who are incarcerated.
Burial of the dead - Ensuring that deceased individuals are interred with dignity and respect.