Q: What is the purpose of a Complete Blood Count (CBC): To provide information about blood cells, including WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.
Q: What is the normal range for WBC count: 4.0-10.5 ×10³/µL.
Q: What does a high RBC count indicate: Polycythemia, caused by low oxygen, dehydration, or kidney disease.
Q: What is the normal range for hemoglobin in males: 13-18 g/dL.
Q: What is the normal range for hematocrit in females: 37-40%.
Q: What does a low WBC count (leukopenia) indicate: Bone marrow failure, cytotoxic substances, autoimmune diseases, or liver/spleen disease.
Q: What is the normal range for platelets: 150-400 ×10³/µL.
Q: What does a high platelet count (thrombocytosis) indicate: Chronic myeloid leukemia.
Q: What does a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) indicate: Aplastic anemia or chemotherapy.
Q: What is the normal range for MCV: 80-98 fL.
Q: What is the normal range for MCH: 27-34 pg.
Q: What is the normal range for MCHC: 32-36 g/dL.
Q: What is Packed Cell Volume (PCV): The ratio of packed blood cell volume to plasma.
Q: What apparatus is used to determine PCV: Microhematocrit centrifuge machine.
Q: What is the normal PCV range for males: 40-45%.
Q: What is the normal PCV range for females: 37-40%.
Q: What does a high hematocrit indicate: Dehydration, polycythemia vera, or low oxygen tension.
Q: What does a low hematocrit indicate: Anemia, blood loss, bone marrow failure, hemolysis, or leukemia.
Q: How is PCV calculated: PCV = (RBC volume / Total blood volume) × 100.
Q: What is the formula for Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV): MCV = (PCV × 10) / RBC count.
Q: What is the formula for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH): MCH = (Hemoglobin × 10) / RBC count.
Q: What is the formula for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC): MCHC = (Hemoglobin × 100) / PCV.
Q: What is the normal range for MCV: 78-98 µm³.
Q: What is the normal range for MCH: 27-32 pg.
Q: What is the normal range for MCHC: 30-35 g/dL.
Q: What type of anemia is associated with low MCV and low MCH: Microcytic hypochromic anemia.
Q: What is the common cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia: Iron deficiency.
Q: What type of anemia is associated with high MCV: Macrocytic megaloblastic anemia.
Q: What is the common cause of macrocytic megaloblastic anemia: Vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency.
Q: What apparatus is used to estimate hemoglobin: Sahli’s hemoglobinometer.
Q: What is the principle of Sahli’s method for hemoglobin estimation: Hemoglobin is converted to acid hematin (brown) using N/10 HCl, and color is matched against a standard.
Q: What are the advantages of Sahli’s method: Easy, quick, inexpensive, bedside procedure, no technical expertise required.
Q: What are the disadvantages of Sahli’s method: Less accurate, slow color development, color fading over time.
Q: What is the normal hemoglobin range for adult males: 13-18 g/dL.
Q: What is the normal hemoglobin range for adult females: 11.5-16.5 g/dL.
Q: What is Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): The rate at which RBCs sediment in 1 hour.
Q: What is the clinical significance of ESR: A nonspecific inflammation marker used to monitor disease activity and treatment response.
Q: What is the normal ESR range for males: 3-5 mm in 1st hour, 7-15 mm in 2nd hour.
Q: What is the normal ESR range for females: Slightly higher than males.
Q: What factors cause a moderately elevated ESR: Infections, inflammation, anemia, malignancies, pregnancy, and aging.
Q: What conditions cause a very high ESR: Multiple myeloma, polymyalgia rheumatica, temporal arteritis.
Q: What is the role of fibrinogen in ESR: High fibrinogen causes RBCs to stick together (rouleaux), increasing sedimentation rate.
Q: What apparatus is used to measure ESR: Westergren’s sedimentation apparatus.
Q: What is the procedure for Westergren’s ESR method: Blood is placed in a Westergren tube, left upright, and plasma column height is measured after 1 and 2 hours.
Q: What is C-reactive protein (CRP): An acute-phase protein produced by the liver during inflammation.
Q: Why is CRP preferred over ESR: CRP rises faster in response to inflammation or infection.
Q: What is the normal range for neutrophils: 40-74%.
Q: What is the normal range for lymphocytes: 14-46%.
Q: What is the normal range for monocytes: 4-13%.
Q: What is the normal range for eosinophils: 0-7%.
Knowt
Note
Studied by 23 people
