Chapter 6 test

The process of encoding refers to

  • the persistence of learning over time.

  • getting information into memory.

  • a momentary sensory memory lasting less than a second.

  • the recall of information previously learned.

The retention of encoded information over time refers to:

  • implicit memory

  • the spacing effect

  • storage

  • effortful processing

The process of getting information out of memory is called:

  • rehearsal

  • relearning

  • encoding

  • retrieval

Your activated but limited-capacity memory is called:

  • implicit

  • long-term

  • mood-congruent

  • short-term

The term working memory represents psychologists' newer understanding of:

  • sensory memory

  • implicit memory

  • short-term memory

  • long-term memory

We encode implicit memories by means of:

  • effortful processing

  • working memory

  • automatic processing

  • recall

Encoding that requires attention and conscious awareness is called:

  • priming

  • automatic processing

  • effortful processing

  • massed practice

George Miller proposed that about seven information bits constitute the capacity of:

  • explicit

  • short-term

  • implicit

  • long-term

Chunking refers to:

  • the tendency to recognize names we can't recall.

  • the unconscious encoding of incidental information.

  • getting information into memory through the use of visual imagery.

  • the organization of information into smaller units.

A mnemonic is a:

  • long-term memory

  • test or measure of memory retention.

  • memory aid device

  • sensory memory

Which of the following is an effective study technique?

  • repeated self-testing

  • the use of cognitive maps

  • massed practice

  • hierarchical organization

Which of the following statements is true regarding memory storage?

  • The brain distributes memory components across a network of locations.

  • The brain stores memories in a single location.

  • The brain stores memories in only the hippocampus and frontal lobes.

  • The brain has limited storage capacity for memory.

Which type of memory has essentially limitless capacity?

  • short-term memory

  • long-term memory

  • working memory

  • flashbulb memory

Explicit memory of facts and general knowledge is known as:

  • episodic memory

  • semantic memory

  • procedural memory

  • state-dependent memory

By consciously rehearsing the facts you need to learn in many separate study sessions over the semester, you are most clearly taking advantage of:

  • the serial position effect

  • the spacing effect

  • the testing effect

  • massed practice

A lack of conscious memories of your first few years of life best illustrates:

  • retrograde amnesia

  • source amnesia

  • infantile amnesia

  • anterograde amnesia

Which measure of memory retention assesses the ability to draw information out of storage and into conscious awareness with few, if any, retrieval cues?

  • rehearsal

  • relearning

  • recall

  • a multiple-choice test

When 80-year-old Margaret looked through her album of family pictures, she was flooded with vivid memories of her parents, her husband, and her children. The pictures served as powerful:

  • implicit memories

  • mnemonic devices

  • memory cues

  • memory traces

A loss of an encoded memory as a result of a gradual fading of the physical memory trace due to nonuse best illustrates:

  • storage decay

  • repression

  • interference

  • the misinformation effect

To help think about the processes involved in memory, the Information Processing Model likens the three steps in memory formation to:

  • a lab rat in a maze.

  • a computer's operations.

  • to sensory, short-term, and long-term memories.

  • a jigsaw puzzle.

Which measure of memory is used on a test that requires matching glossary terms with their correct definitions?

  • rehearsal

  • recall

  • recognition

  • relearning

This type of encoding involves words and their associated meanings.

  • acoustic encoding

  • visual encoding

  • semantic encoding

  • auditory encoding

The processing of converting information from its original form to a way we can better make sense of it is called:

  • encoding

  • recoding

  • retrieval

  • false memory

Paulo finds that his Math class is easier this semester after retaking it again from last semester. This is most likely because of:

  • recall

  • consolidation

  • recognition

  • relearning

Lydia took French language courses in high school, but now that she is enrolled in college, she is taking Spanish language courses. When she attempts to take the first test, she is frustrated to find that she can only remember the French translations for all the words. This example best describes:

  • auditory interference

  • proactive interference

  • retroactive interference

  • infantile interference