ch 7
Chapter 7: Work Design & Measurement (26 cards)
Q: What is job design?
A: Deciding the content and methods of a job (what, who, how, where).Q: Why does job design matter?
A: It affects productivity, safety, and quality of work life (QWL).Q: What is the efficiency school of job design?
A: A systematic approach focused on efficiency/output (Taylor/scientific management).Q: What is the behavioral school of job design?
A: Focus on worker needs/satisfaction to improve motivation/performance.Q: Efficiency school vs behavioral school in one line?
A: Efficiency = do the job faster/better; Behavioral = make the job better for the worker.Q: What is specialization?
A: Repeating a narrow set of tasks (one part of a product/service).Q: Management advantages of specialization?
A: Easier training, higher productivity, lower wage costs.Q: Employee advantages of specialization?
A: Lower skill requirements, less responsibility, less mental effort.Q: Management disadvantages of specialization?
A: Motivation/quality problems; dissatisfaction → absenteeism/turnover/disruptive behavior/poor quality attention.Q: Employee disadvantages of specialization?
A: Monotony, few advancement opportunities, little control, low self-fulfillment.Q: Big idea about specialization?
A: Boosts efficiency but can hurt motivation and quality if overdone.Q: What is job enlargement?
A: Adding more tasks at the same responsibility level (horizontal loading).Q: What is job rotation?
A: Switching jobs periodically to reduce boredom and build skills.Q: What is job enrichment?
A: Adding responsibility/control (planning and coordination) (vertical loading).Q: Enlargement vs rotation vs enrichment?
A: Enlargement = more tasks; Rotation = different tasks; Enrichment = more responsibility.Q: Why do motivation and trust matter in work design?
A: They affect quality, productivity, and the work environment.Q: What are short-term teams?
A: Teams created to solve a specific problem/topic.Q: What are long-term teams?
A: Ongoing teams for continuing work.Q: What are self-directed teams?
A: Teams empowered to make certain process changes themselves.Q: Benefits of teams?
A: Higher quality, higher productivity, greater worker satisfaction.Q: Common team problems?
A: Managers feel threatened; conflict between members.Q: What is quality of work life (QWL)?
A: Workers’ overall well-being and satisfaction at work.Q: What factors influence QWL?
A: Coworker relationships, management quality, working conditions, compensation.Q: Time-based pay means what?
A: Pay based on time worked (hourly/salary).Q: Output-based pay means what?
A: Pay based on amount produced (incentive).Q: Big tradeoff: time-based vs output-based pay?
A: Time-based = stable/easy; Output-based = stronger incentive but variable pay and possible quality issues.