Social studies 8-10

1. President of the American Federation of Labor for 37 years, Samuel Gompers

2. Invented air brakes and safety signals for the railroads, George Westinghouse

3. Co-founder of the Wobblies, strike organizer, and speaker, Mary Harris Jones

4. Built the first practical steam engine locomotive, Matthias Baldwin

5. Invented a safer mechanism for locking together railroad cars, Eli Janney

6. Took corporations to court to break up their monopolies, Theodore Roosevelt

7. Invented a more efficient way to make steel, Henry Bessemer

8. The leader of the Knights of Labor in the 1880s, Terence Powderly

9. Drilled the first successful oil well in 1859, Edwin Drake

10. Built the first successful oil refinery and made kerosene, Samuel Kier

11. Made a fortune from shipping and railroads in New York, Cornelius Vanderbilt

12. Red Cross leader who helped the victims of the Johnstown Flood, Clara Barton

13. Financier who invested in railroads, electricity, and steel, J.P. Morgan

14. Union leader of the Industrial Workers of the World, or Wobblies, Eugene Debs

15. King of oil refining and leader of Standard Oil Company, John D. Rockefeller

16. Inventor of the sewing machine, Elias Howe

17. Made a fortune from his steel factories, Andrew Carnegie

18. Railroad tycoon of the Great Northern Railway, James J Hill

19. Designed more comfortable sleeper cars and hired Black porters, George Pullman

20. Owned 80% of the coke factories used to make steel Henry Clay Frick

21 Give two reasons why the Wright Brothers had such difficulty marketing their invention.22. Explain what the Age of Big Business was

23. Explain the difference between vertical integration and horizontal integration. Give a

concrete example of each

24. Invented the first practical gasoline-driven car in Massachusetts. Duryea Bros

25. Established the glass industry in Pittsburgh, Pitcairn & Ford, John

26. Made a fortune from the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell

27. Electrical genius who received 10 patents for his work in radio, Nikola Tesla

28. Invented a practical way to make aluminum in Pittsburgh Charles Hall

29. Co-developed the telegraph, which evolved into Western Union, Samuel Morse

30. installed the first transatlantic telegraph cable, Cyrus Field

31. Invented the first refrigerated railroad car, Gustavus Swift

32. First to apply a gasoline engine to a wheeled vehicle, Karl Benz

33. Developed the idea of the assembly line and mass-producing cars ford & Olds

34. Developed and invented the airplane Wright Bros

35. Invented the wireless radio, which saved hundreds in the Titanic, Guglielmo Marconi

36 The inventor of the wire rope (cable), John Roebling

37. Started the truck industry in Brooklyn, New York Mack Bros

38. Invented the first practical light bulb, Thomas Edison

39. What was the most important freight carried by the railroads? Coal

40. The overall purpose of using vertical and horizontal integration was (and is) to? Eliminate

competition and set up a monopolistic market41. What new process did Andrew Carnegie learn about for making steel? Bessemer Steel

Process

42. J. P. Morgan established the world’s largest steel company, known as? U.S. Steel

Corporation

43. The U.S. government’s laissez-faire policy toward industry resulted in? Corporate

monopolies

44. What was the main intent of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?to break up businesses that

were monopolies

45. What was the name of a secret organization of Irish coal miners in the 1870s?Molly Maguire

46. The Hall of Machinery was showcased at our nation’s 100th anniversary, known as the

Centennial Exhibition

47. assembly line

Henry Ford’s cars became affordable through a production innovation known as the

48. Menlo Park was a facility for? conducting research on inventions

49. A device used to show early motion pictures was called? kinetoscope

50. Which was not an event that showed strife between workers and business owners? The

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

51. One of our country’s greatest natural disasters was the Johnstown Flood

52. Which business was not ruled by the courts to be a monopoly? Swift’s Meat Packing Company