vocab 5
Definitions of Key Terms
Amnesty
Pronunciation: (am' na stē)
Part of Speech: Noun
Definition: A general pardon for an offense against a government; in general, any act of forgiveness or absolution.
Example Sentence: Many political prisoners were freed under the amnesty granted by the new regime.
Synonyms: reprieve
Autonomy
Pronunciation: (ô tän' ǝ me)
Part of Speech: Noun
Definition: Self-government, political control.
Example Sentence: After the colonies gained autonomy from England, many Americans still clung to English traditions.
Synonyms: home rule
Antonyms: dependence, subjection
Axiomatic
Pronunciation: (ak se ǝ mat' ik)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Self-evident, expressing a universally accepted principle.
Example Sentence: One should not accept the idea that the camera never lies as an axiomatic truth.
Synonyms: taken for granted
Antonyms: questionable, dubious
Blazon
Pronunciation: (blāz' ǝn)
Part of Speech: Verb
Definition: To adorn or embellish; to display conspicuously; to publish or proclaim widely.
Example Sentence: They will blazon the results of the election across the Internet and every television set in the land.
Synonyms: broadcast, trumpet
Antonyms: hide, conceal, bury
Caveat
Pronunciation: (kav' ē at)
Part of Speech: Noun
Definition: A warning or caution to prevent misunderstanding or discourage behavior.
Example Sentence: The well-known Latin phrase "caveat emptor" means, "Let the buyer beware."
Synonyms: admonition, word to the wise
Equitable
Pronunciation: (ek' wǝ tǝ bǝl)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Fair, just, embodying principles of justice.
Example Sentence: He did more work, so a sixty-forty split of the profits seemed an equitable arrangement.
Synonyms: right, reasonable, evenhanded
Antonyms: unjust, unfair, one-sided, disproportionate
Extricate
Pronunciation: (ek' strǝ kāt)
Part of Speech: Verb
Definition: To free from entanglements or difficulties; to remove with effort.
Example Sentence: The ring must have slid off my finger as I was trying to extricate the fish from the net.
Synonyms: disentangle, extract
Antonyms: enmesh, entangle
Filch
Pronunciation: (filch)
Part of Speech: Verb
Definition: To steal, especially in a sneaky way and in petty amounts.
Example Sentence: If you filch pennies from the cash drawer, you will be tempted to steal larger amounts one day.
Synonyms: pilfer, purloin, swipe
Flout
Pronunciation: (flaut)
Part of Speech: Verb
Definition: To mock, treat with contempt.
Example Sentence: She chose to ignore my advice, not because she wanted to flout my beliefs, but because she had strong opinions of her own.
Synonyms: sneer at, snicker at, scorn
Antonyms: obey, honor
Fractious
Pronunciation: (frak' shǝs)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Tending to be troublesome; unruly, quarrelsome, contrary; unpredictable.
Example Sentence: It seems as if even the smoothest-running organizations contain one or two fractious elements.
Synonyms: refractory, recalcitrant, peevish
Antonyms: docile, tractable, cooperative
Precept
Pronunciation: (pre' sept)
Part of Speech: Noun
Definition: A rule of conduct or action.
Example Sentence: Many philosophies follow the precept that it is important to treat others as you would like to be treated.
Synonyms: principle, maxim
Salutary
Pronunciation: (sal' yǝ ter e)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Beneficial, helpful; healthful, wholesome.
Example Sentence: The cute new puppy had a salutary effect on her health.
Synonyms: salubrious, curative
Antonyms: detrimental, deleterious
Scathing
Pronunciation: (ska' thin)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Bitterly severe, withering; causing great harm.
Example Sentence: Sometimes a reasoned discussion does more to change people's minds than a scathing attack.
Synonyms: searing, harsh, savage
Antonyms: bland, mild
Scourge
Pronunciation: (skarj)
Part of Speech: Verb/Noun
Definition: (v.) To whip, punish severely; (n.) A cause of affliction or suffering; a source of severe punishment or criticism.
Example Sentence: Jonathan Swift used wit to scourge the British government for its cruel treatment of Ireland. Competing teams consider my daughter the scourge of the soccer field.
Synonyms: (v.) flog, beat; (n.) bane, plague, pestilence
Antonyms: None listed.
Sepulchral
Pronunciation: (sa pal' krǝl)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Funereal, typical of the tomb; extremely gloomy or dismal.
Example Sentence: In a severe and sepulchral tone of voice, my sister announced that we were out of cookies.
Synonyms: lugubrious, mortuary
Soporific
Pronunciation: (säp ǝ rif' ik)
Part of Speech: Adjective/Noun
Definition: (adj.) Tending to cause sleep, relating to sleepiness or lethargy; (n.) Something that induces sleep.
Example Sentence: He claimed that the musical was soporific and that he had slept through the entire second act. Shakespeare's Juliet drinks a soporific to appear to be dead—a trick she is soon to regret.
Synonyms: (n.) narcotic, anesthetic
Antonyms: (adj.) stimulating; (n.) stimulant, stimulus
Straitlaced
Pronunciation: (stråt' last)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Extremely strict in regard to moral standards and conduct; prudish, puritanical.
Example Sentence: Travelers may find people overseas straitlaced in some ways but surprisingly free in others.
Synonyms: highly conventional, overly strict, stuffy
Antonyms: lax, loose, indulgent, permissive, dissolute
Transient
Pronunciation: (tran' shǝnt)
Part of Speech: Adjective/Noun
Definition: (adj.) Lasting only a short time, fleeting; (n.) One who stays only a short time.
Example Sentence: His bad mood was transient and by the time he'd finished his breakfast, he was smiling. Many farm hands lived the lives of transients during the Great Depression.
Synonyms: (adj.) impermanent, ephemeral, evanescent
Antonyms: (adj.) permanent, imperishable, immortal
Unwieldy
Pronunciation: (ǝn wel' dē)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Not easily carried, handled, or managed because of size or complexity.
Example Sentence: We loaded the truck with the chairs and the coffee table, but the grand piano was too unwieldy.
Synonyms: bulky, clumsy, impractical
Antonyms: manageable, easy to handle
Vapid
Pronunciation: (vap' id)
Part of Speech: Adjective
Definition: Dull, uninteresting, tiresome; lacking in sharpness, flavor, liveliness, or force.
Example Sentence: While critics called the movie vapid, I thought the performers were very compelling.
Synonyms: lifeless, colorless
Antonyms: zesty, spicy, colorful