Practice MCQs

Translation

Flashcard 1
Q: The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called?
A: Transcription

Flashcard 2
Q: The transcribing enzyme is?
A: RNA polymerase

Flashcard 3
Q: Which molecule contains the genetic code?
A: DNA

Flashcard 4
Q: Transcription occurs along a ____ template forming an mRNA in the ____ direction.
A: 3′ to 5′; 5′ to 3′

Flashcard 5
Q: Which statement about the genetic code is false?
A: The genetic code is overlapping

Flashcard 6
Q: The first mRNA codon to specify an amino acid is always?
A: AUG

Flashcard 7
Q: The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain comprises the ____ structure of a protein.
A: Primary

Flashcard 8
Q: Transfer RNAs bind during translation by the?
A: Anticodon

Flashcard 9
Q: Of the different possible codons, how many specify amino acids and how many signal stop?
A: 64 total; 61 specify amino acids; 3 signal stop

Flashcard 10
Q: RNA contains which bases?
A: Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

Flashcard 11
Q: Which statement is true regarding introns?
A: Introns may be involved in exon shuffling

Flashcard 12
Q: Which mode of information transfer usually does not occur?
A: DNA to protein

Flashcard 13
Q: Why is mRNA shorter than its corresponding DNA gene?
A: Introns are removed, leaving only exons

Flashcard 14
Q: Who led the effort to decipher the genetic code and won a Nobel Prize?
A: Nirenberg

Flashcard 15
Q: A DNA strand with the sequence AACGTAACG is transcribed. What is the mRNA sequence?
A: UUGCAUUGC

Flashcard 16
Q: What DNA template sequence corresponds to the first amino acid inserted into a protein?
A: TAC

Flashcard 17
Q: What is an example of the degeneracy of the genetic code?
A: A given amino acid has more than one codon

Flashcard 18
Q: What is proteomics?
A: The study of the collection of proteins produced in a particular cell

Flashcard 19
Q: The template strand of DNA for one gene may be the coding strand for another gene.
A: True

Flashcard 20
Q: Which statement is true regarding transposons?
A: They are the most abundant type of repeat in the genome

Flashcard 21
Q: A gene with 30 nucleotides can produce a protein containing no more than how many amino acids?
A: 10

Flashcard 22
Q: During translation, which ribosome sites hold the growing chain and the next amino acid?
A: P site holds the growing chain; A site holds the next amino acid

Flashcard 23
Q: The amino acid structure of a polypeptide chain determines its ____ structure.
A: Primary

Flashcard 24
Q: What regulates which genes are transcribed in a particular cell type?
A: Transcription factors

Flashcard 25
Q: What happens if an antibiotic prevents ribosome movement in bacteria?
A: No proteins will be produced