Study Notes on Kit■b al-■ah■rah – al-Hid■ayah Part 1

Kit■b al-■ah■rah – al-Hid■ayah Part 1

Definition of ■ah■rah

  • Linguistic Meaning:

    • The term "■ah■rah" refers to cleanliness.

  • Technical Meaning:

    • In a technical context, "■ah■rah" signifies the removal of ■adath (ritual impurity) and naj■sah (dirtying substances), which is essential for what permits sal■h (prayers).

Mas■alah 1: Types of Water

  • Water is categorized based on its permissibility for purification in Islamic jurisprudence.

1. ■■hir Mu■ahhir (Pure & Purifying)

  • Definition:

    • This category includes types of water that are considered both pure and capable of purifying others.

  • Types of Water Included:

    • Rainwater

    • River water

    • Sea water

    • Well water

    • Melted snow

    • Hail

  • Consensus Among Scholars:

    • The categorization of these waters as ■■hir Mu■ahhir is agreed upon by:

    • Im■m Ab■ ■an■fah

    • Ab■ Y■suf

    • Mu■ammad

  • Ikhtil■f (Differences in Opinion):

    • Im■m al-Sh■fi■■ includes all naturally flowing waters in this category without restrictions.

2. ■■hir Ghayr Mu■ahhir (Pure but Not Purifying)

  • Definition:

    • This category includes types of water that are pure but cannot be used for purification purposes (e.g., ablution or full body wash).

  • Main Type:

    • Used water (referred to as al-m■al-musta■mal) according to Im■m Ab■ ■an■fah.

  • Conditions:

    • While considered ■■hir, it is deemed unfit for use in wu■■■ (ablution) or ghusl (full body wash).

  • Ikhtil■f (Differences in Opinion):

    • Im■m Mu■ammad asserts that used water is impure if it is separated from the body with the intention of lifting ■adath.

    • Conversely, Im■m al-Sh■fi■■ views used water as ■■hir and mu■ahhir.

  • Preferred View of ■anaf■:

    • The ■anaf■ school holds the view that used water, while ■■hir, does not serve as mu■ahhir (purifying).