Spanish Definite and Indefinite Articles, Prepositions, Classroom Objects, and Estar Conjugation
Definite Articles
- Masculine:
- Singular: el
- Plural: los
- Feminine:
- Singular: la
- Plural: las
- Examples:
- ellibro = the book
- lamochila = the backpack
- loslaˊpices = the pencils
- lasventanas = the windows
Indefinite Articles
- Masculine:
- Singular: un
- Plural: unos
- Feminine:
- Singular: una
- Plural: unas
- Examples:
- uncuaderno = a notebook
- unasilla = a chair
- unosmarcadores = some markers
- unasreglas = some rulers
- Other:
- Alguˊn/a/as/o = some
- Poc/o/as/os = few
- Vari/o/a/os/ = several
Prepositions
- en: in/on/at (e.g., El libro está en la mochila - The book is in the backpack)
- sobre: on/over (e.g., El reloj está sobre el escritorio - The clock is on the desk)
- encimade: on top of/above (e.g., El cartel está encima de la pizarra - The poster is on top of the board)
- debajode: below/under (e.g., El estuche está debajo de la silla - The pencil case is under the chair)
- detraˊsde: behind (e.g., El proyector está detrás de los estudiantes - The projector is behind the students)
- delantede: in front of (e.g., El escritorio está delante de la clase - The desk is in front of the class)
- dentrode: inside (e.g., Hay libros dentro de la mochila - There are books inside the backpack)
- fuerade: outside (of) (e.g., El profesor está fuera de la sala - The professor is outside of the room)
- alladode: beside/next to (e.g., La silla está al lado de la mesa - The chair is next to the table)
- entre: between (e.g., El marcador está entre los libros - The marker is between the books)
- frentea/enfrentede: across from/facing (e.g., El reloj está frente a la puerta - The clock is facing the door)
- porencimade: over (movement) (e.g., El dron vuela por encima de la clase - The drone flies over the class)
- pordebajode: under (movement) (e.g., El gato pasa por debajo de la mesa - The cat passes under the table)
Classroom Objects (Las Cosas En La Clase)
- ellibro: the book
- elcuaderno: the notebook
- ellibrodetexto: the textbook
- ellaˊpiz: the pencil
- lapluma/elbolıˊgrafo: the pen
- lamochila: the backpack
- elpupitre/elescritorio: the desk
- lasilla: the chair
- lapizarrablanca: the whiteboard
- lapizarranegra: the blackboard
- elmarcador: the marker
- elborrador: the eraser
- elpapel: the paper
- laregla: the ruler
- lacomputadora: the computer
- elproyector: the projector
- lacalculadora: the calculator
- laventana: the window
- lapuerta: the door
- elmapa: the map
- elreloj: the clock
- laluz: the light
- elestante/laestanterıˊa: the shelf
Conjugation of Estar (Present Tense)
- yo: estoy
- tuˊ: estaˊs
- eˊl/ella/usted: estaˊ
- nosotros/nosotras: estamos
- ellos/ellas/ustedes: estaˊn