Prenatal Development and Care

Introduction

• From conception on, the development process begins. The prenatal environment (in-utero) affects outcomes for the child long-term, which we are increasingly learning more about
• The body has natural ‘built-in’ mechanisms and safeguards to help advance development and keep baby safe until it is born
• Nonetheless, still face threats and important to be aware of contributing and protective factors to ensure best outcomes for both unborn baby AND mother
• Experiences during and immediately after pregnancy or birth of great importance
  • Setting stage for healthy baby and family

Importance of Prenatal Care

• Good prenatal care is essential and makes a difference, reducing mortality or later physical problems, and supporting the mental and physical health of mother
• Prenatal care varies enormously depending on place of origin • Prenatal care should include:

1. Information on risks and choices before, during, and after pregnancy.
2. Defined schedule of visits.
3. Psycho-Education.
4. Screening for manageable conditions and treatable diseases.
5. Resources and directives to support services, supplementary      programs where needed, such as WIC to ensure healthy nutrition
6. Continuity of care is ideal

US vs Other Countries

• Other countries are doing far better than us in terms of prenatal care
• Overall pregnancy-related mortality in the United States occurs at an average rate of 17.2 deaths per 100,000 live births compared to 1.7 in NZ and 3.0 in Netherlands