Chromosomes

Each chromosome is a single linear molecule of DNA.

the only time DNA is wound tightly in chromosome form is during the cell cycle.

A chromosome is a condensed form of DNA.

The study of chromosomes is called cytogenetics

Chromosomes can be stained, photographed, and arranged according to shape and size into a karyogram.

Metacentric chromosomes- a chromosome whose centromere is centrally located.

Submetacentric chromosome- having the centromere situated so that one chromosome arm is somewhat shorter than the other.

acrocentric chromosome-A chromosome in which the centromere is located quite near one end of the chromosome.

Chromosomal abnormalities occur during meiosis during crossing over or cell division.

A tetrad is a foursome during meiosis made by two homologous chromosomes that have each already replicated into a pair of sister chromatids.

Synapsis is the fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis.

A chromosome consists of 22 homologous pairs of chromosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.

A karyotype looks at the size, shape, and number of chromosomes.

Check an unborn baby for genetic disorders.

A homologous chromosome pertains to one of a pair of chromosomes with the same gene sequence, loci, chromosomal length, and centromere location.

A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division.