Untitled Flashcards Set

Here are your flashcards formatted for easy use on Knowt (or any flashcard app). Each card includes the case name on the front and the key principle/decision on the back.

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Front: McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

Back: The 2nd Amendment individual right to bear arms is applied to state and local governments (selective incorporation). Reasonable restrictions (like on assault weapons) are still allowed.

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Front: Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

Back: "Student rights do not end at the schoolhouse gates." Students retain First Amendment rights in school.

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Front: McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Back: Congress has implied powers through the Necessary and Proper Clause. The federal government is supreme over the states.

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Front: Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Back: Established judicial review. The Supreme Court has the power to review laws passed by Congress.

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Front: Baker v. Carr (1961)

Back: First major redistricting case. The Court ruled that federal courts can intervene in redistricting cases under the 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause.

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Front: Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Back: "Separate but equal" is unconstitutional in education. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.

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Front: Schenck v. United States (1919)

Back: Freedom of speech is not absolute. In wartime, speech can be limited if it presents a "clear and present danger."

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Front: New York Times v. United States (1971)

Back: Prior restraint is very hard to justify. The government couldn’t block publication of the Pentagon Papers.

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Front: Shaw v. Reno (1993)

Back: Racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional. Congressional districts cannot be drawn solely based on race.

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Front: Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

Back: Unlimited independent political spending by corporations and unions is protected speech. Led to creation of SuperPACs.

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Front: United States v. Lopez (1995)

Back: The Commerce Clause does not give Congress unlimited power. Struck down a federal gun-free school zones law.

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Front: Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Back: Official-led prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause, even if it's nondenominational or voluntary.

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Front: Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

Back: A state law cannot force Amish families to send children to school past 8th grade. Religious freedom outweighed the state's interest in education.

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Front: Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Back: The right to counsel (6th Amendment) applies to states through selective incorporation. States must provide attorneys to indigent defendants.

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Front: Roe v. Wade (1973)

Back: The constitutional right to privacy includes a woman's right to have an abortion, especially in the first trimester.