Untitled Flashcards Set

Freud- studied unconscious motivation

-he thought that all abnormal behavior came from unconscious motivation

3 levels of awareness:

-conscious-current awareness

-preconscious- memories that can be easily retrieved

-unconscious- hidden, difficult to retrieve these conscious thoughts into awareness.

Personality:

Id- present at birth (think of angle)

Pleasure principle- desire for immediate gratification of needs without regards for consequence.

“IF IT FEELS GOOD DO IT”

Ego- develops out of need to develop reality.( has to choose between id and superego)

Reality principle-the need to satisfy the id only in a way that does not lead to negative consequences.

“IF IT FEELS GOOD DO IT BUT ONLY IF YOU CAN GET AWAY WITH IT.”

Superego- the moral center-develops as a child learns rules and expectations of society

-contains the conscience

***freud believed that the id, ego, and superego were in constant conflict with each other and that is how a personality is developed ***

The ego deals with this by using Psychological defense mechanisms. (chart)

Behavioral and social cognitive

Behaviorist- learned response

Social cognitive- other people

Bandura's reciprocal determinism and self-efficacy

These 3 factors mutually influence each other

environment—> behavior—> cognitive factors

Humanistic- things that make people uniquely human (strengths, free will, valuing emotions.

-Abraham Maslow

-Carl rogers

Self actualization- striving to reach full potential (think of maslow's hierarchy of needs)

Unconditional positive regard- someone who cares for you, supports you, no matter what

PSYCHOLOGISTS BELIEVE EVERYTHING THEY SAY IS RIGHT

-The human perspective is disliked because it is not scientific enough.

Ways of assessing personality

Interviews- patient and doctor talking

-used by psychoanalysts and humanists

-halo effect - forming a positive 1st impression can influence their assessment.

Projective tests-show clients vague visual stimuli and ask them what they see.

-they do this b/c the client may project their unconscious concerns onto a photo

-this is used by psychoanalysts

Some examples of projective tests:

-rorschach test- 10 inkblots shown to a patient

-thematic apperception test TAT- 20 pictures of ppl in vague/ambiguous situations

-sentence completion

- house tree person- doctor tells kid to draw something and instead of drawing sun, park, beach etc they draw a gloomy dark photo.

Behavioral assessments- behaviorists think that abnormal behavior comes from learned responses.