neuron and neural firing

neurons

cells that recieve, process and trasnmit info to other cells (building blocks)

Glial cells

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect other neurons

relexes

automatic responses to stimuli (composed of single sensory and motor neuron connected through spine w interneuron)

sensory neurons

-afferent neurons;
- carry messages from sensory organs to the brain and spinal cords
-touch vision taste smell pain ballance

motor neurons

efferent neurons, transports message away from brain to muscles OR ORGANS

neural transmission

chemicals in our body produce work as agonist (excite) or antagonist (inhibt)

do this by amplifying or blocking the absorption of our neurotransmitters

Resting potential

axon gets energy from charged chemicals (ions)
in normal state they have small neg charge = resting potential

Reuptake

neurotransmitters not absorbed by dendrite are reabsored by sending neuron in process = REUPAKE

Multiple sclerosis

depletion of mylein

Excitatory neurotransmitters

excite the next cell into firing

Inhibitory neurotransmitters

retract cells from firing

interneurons

sensory and motor do not touch directly
MAJOIRTYY OF OUR NEURONS
relay messages of sensory to other interneurons to motors

Action potential

information traveling down axon in ELECTRICAL CHARGE
causes neurotransmitters to be released by these

All-or-nothing principle

Once the action potential is released, there is no going back.

Depolarization

movement of action potential from where it passes resting into axon (so literally the name of it moving through axon)

Refractory period

each action potential comes w brief recharging period
after this period neuron can go through another AP

Threshold

level of stimulation required to trigger neural impulse

Myasthenia gravis

antibodies that block receptors-resulting in muscles not being able to contract

Dopamine

function: mood emotion arousol
+ schizophrenia
-parkinsons

Not studied (7)

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Serotonin

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal
+Hallucinations
-Depression

Norepinephrine

arousal and alertness
+anxiety
-depression

GABA

regulates sleep wake
-sleep + EDS
-huntingsons disease, insomia

endorphins

pain control and stress reduction
+artificial highs
-addiction

ACH

learning and memory
+muscle spasm
-alzehmers

agonists

drugs that ncrease action of neurotransmitter

antagonist

blocks neurotransmitter