EXAM 1


  1. True or False:

    A trans carbon-carbon double bond lowers the fatty acid melting point

    True

  2. True or False:

    One major thing that differentiates prokaryotes from eukaryotes is that prokaryotes do not have a membrane-bound nucleus

    True

  3. What is the function of the nucleus?

    The function of the nucleus is to store the cell's hereditary material, DNA, and to coordinate the cell's activities, such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.


  4. If the delta G is _____ 0, the reaction will occur spontaneously, while if the Gibbs Free Energy (delta G) is ______ 0, the reaction requires an input of energy to occur.

    If the delta G is negative (< 0), the reaction will occur spontaneously. If the Gibbs Free Energy (delta G) is positive (> 0), the reaction requires an input of energy to occur.

  5. False

  6. Non-polar molecules are generally insoluble in water due to lack of charged groups/dipole moment.

  7. Key concept of the Chemistry of Life: Emergent Properties

  8. The most common molecule used by cells to capture and transfer energy relies on this particular element: Carbon

  9. False

  10. Answer needed

  11. Answer needed

  12. Answer needed

  13. False

  14. The ultimate source of fuel for almost all living organisms is Sunlight

  15. A cis carbon-carbon double bond raises the fatty acid melting point

  16. False

  17. Life depends on the coupling of energetically exergonic reactions with endergonic chemical reactions.

  18. True

  19. False

  20. The energy needed to excite the reactants to a higher-energy state is called the activation energy of the chemical reaction.

  21. True

  22. True

  23. Domains

  24. Beta sheets

  25. Answer needed

  26. Supersecondary structure

  27. Domain

  28. Folded domain

  29. Functional domain

  30. The overall structure of a polypeptide is determined by its tertiary structure.

  31. Answer needed

  32. The ability of a protein to bind a molecule or a small group of molecules in preference to all other molecules is called specificity.

  33. True

  34. Homologs

  35. True

  36. False

  37. Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions are called enzymes. Their ligands are called substrates.

  38. The Michaelis constant is a measure of enzyme affinity for its substrate.

  39. Answer needed

  40. True

  41. Nucleic acids, amino acids, and monosaccharides are linked by the following bonds (in order): Phosphodiester bonds, peptide bonds, glycosidic bonds

  42. Covalent Bonds are formed by: Sharing of electrons between atoms

  43. Answer needed

  44. Answer needed

  45. Electronegativity is an atom's ability to attract electrons in a covalent bond.

  46. All living organisms are composed of cells.

  47. The equilibrium constant is the ratio of concentrations of: Products to reactants

  48. The sheet-like bilayer structure of membranes depends on the physical properties of phospholipids.

  49. A homolog is: A gene related in structure and evolutionary origin to another gene, usually from a different species.

  50. Answer needed

  51. Answer needed