PR-1-Week-1
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Page 1
Instructor: Genevaive M. Pepito, PhD
Quarter 3, Week 1 of Practical Research 1.
Page 2: Most Essential Learning Competencies
Learners should be able to:
Share research experiences and knowledge.
Explain the importance of research in daily life.
Describe characteristics, processes, and ethics of research.
Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative research.
Provide examples of research in areas of interest.
Page 3: Lesson 1 - Research Experience and Knowledge
Definition: Research is a systematic investigation for information.
Inquiry: The act of seeking truth, information, or knowledge through gathering data using human senses.
Page 4: Factors Involved in Inquiry
Essential steps include:
Selection of appropriate research questions.
Formulation of these questions.
Identification of key issues.
Search for valid and relevant evidence.
Interpretation and assessment of evidence.
Application of evidence to identified issues.
Presentation of findings, either as coherent conclusions or tentative.
Reflection on the learning process.
Page 5: Experience and Authority in Research
Experience is a familiar source of knowledge that impacts feelings of success or failure.
For complex topics beyond personal experience, seek knowledge from authoritative figures or experts in the field.
Page 6: Significance of Research
Research is significant for:
Gathering necessary information.
Making changes.
Improving standards of living.
Ensuring safety.
Uncovering truths and exploring history.
Understanding the arts.
Page 7: Why Conduct Research?
Benefits of engaging in research include:
Building confidence in finding and presenting information effectively.
Investigating personally intriguing topics.
Discovering real-world applications of studied subjects.
Gaining hands-on experience in the field of study.
Networking and meeting new people.
Page 8: Importance of Research in Daily Life
Research:
Expands knowledge and fosters discoveries.
Leads to breakthroughs and advancements in various aspects of life.
Promotes individual and disciplinary advancement.
Page 9: Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research
Research Characteristics:
Empirical: Based on observations and experimentation.
Systematic: Follows orderly procedures.
Controlled: All variables, except those tested, are constant.
Employs hypotheses: Guides investigations.
Analytical: Involves critical analysis of data.
Objective: Unbiased and logical findings.
Original work: Contribution to knowledge.
Page 10: Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Qualitative research focuses on:
Context and meaning.
Naturally occurring settings.
Human experiences as data sources.
Descriptive data collection.
Emergent design in research process.
Page 11: Ethics in Research
Ethics defines norms for acceptable conduct in research.
Researchers must not mislead participants regarding the study's nature.
Page 12: Functions of Ethics in Research
Ethical norms promote:
Aims of knowledge, truth, and evidence.
Trust, accountability, mutual respect, and fairness in collaboration.
Accountability to the public and integrity of research.
Page 13: Ethical Principles
Key principles in conducting ethical research include:
Honesty, objectivity, integrity, and carefulness.
Openness, respect for intellectual property, and confidentiality.
Responsible publication and social responsibility.
Non-discrimination, competence, and legality.
Page 14: Developing Research Ethics Skills
Essential skills include:
Identifying ethical issues in studies.
Being prepared to address identified issues.
Page 15: Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research
Potential ethical issues may include:
Obtaining sensitive or unacceptable information through in-depth interaction.
Maintaining professional relationships with participants.
Showing appreciation to participants for their contributions.
Securing permission through formal letters for conducting studies.
Page 16: The Research Process
Steps in the research process:
Define research problem.
Review relevant literature.
Formulate hypothesis.
Design research method.
Collect data.
Analyze data.
Interpret and report findings.
Page 17: Differences Between Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Similarities (Bachman, 2009):
Both aim to create new knowledge through empirical methods.
Research seeks universal ideas expressed in general statements.
Page 18: Qualitative Research
Characteristics include:
Exploratory nature providing insights into underlying motivations.
Helps develop ideas or hypotheses for future qualitative research.
Page 19: Features of Qualitative Research (Yin, 2011)
Understands the meaning of people’s lives in real-world conditions.
Reflects participants' perspectives in research results.
Examines contextual conditions influencing behaviors.
Page 20: Additional Features of Qualitative Research
Generates insights into existing or new concepts explaining social behavior.
Utilizes multiple sources of data for a comprehensive study.
Page 21: Quantitative Research
Characteristics include:
Focus on numerical data to quantify findings.
Generates mathematical data or statistics for analysis.
Enables generalization of results from larger population samples.
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Page 23: Types and Examples of Research
Types include:
Applied Research: Solves practical problems.
Basic Research: Expands knowledge without inventing.
Correlational Research: Studies relationships among variables.
Descriptive Research: Portrays situations or groups accurately.
Page 24: More Types of Research
Ethnographic Research: In-depth cultural study.
Experimental Research: Objective, controlled investigations.
Exploratory Research: Undefined problems requiring informal investigation.
Page 25: Further Types of Research
Historical Research: Analysis of past events.
Phenomenological Research: Describes lived experiences.
Action Research: Applies scientific methods to classroom problems.
Page 26: Approaches to Ethnography
Types include:
Realist Approach: Objective situation account.
Critical Approach: Advocates for marginalized groups.
Page 27: Types of Case Studies
Types include:
Intrinsic: Unique cases to understand.
Instrumental: Cases that provide insights into broader issues.
Multiple: Several cases addressing a phenomenon or condition.
Page 28: Activity
Define/describe three research problems for qualitative investigation and justify their importance.
Page 29: Tasks for Asynchronous Learning
Review lesson guide and instructional videos.
Practice drafting research titles/problems.
Page 30: Open Forum
Discussion platform for students.