Food

Amino acid: subunit of a protein composed of C, H, 0 and N. May sometimes contain S and P.

Anabolic Reaction: a reaction which requires energy due to the forming of bonds as small and simple molecules are converted to large and complex eg, photosynthesis. All reactions controlled by enzymes.

Antibody: a protein that is produced in response to an antigen/pathogen.

Balanced Diet: correct amount of each food group from the food pyramid.

Catabolic Reaction: a reaction in which energy is released when large/complex molecules are broken down into small/simple molecules due to the breaking of bonds eg, respiration. All reactions controlled by enzymes.

Disaccharide: two sugar units joined together e.g. maltose.

Enzyme: biological catalyst composed of protein.

Excretion: removal of waste products of metabolism.

Fat soluble vitamin: vitamins that do not dissolve in water e.g. vitamin D.

Fat: lipid that is solid at room temperature.

Haemoglobin: protein required to carry oxygen in the blood

Hormone: composed of protein that is designed to carry chemical messages around the human body dissolved in plasma of blood.

Metabolism: sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism.

Monosaccharide: single sugar unit that has the general formula Cx (H20)y e.g. glucose.

Oil: lipid that is liquid at room temperature.

Phospholipid: a lipid that has the 3rd fatty acid replaced by phosphate.

Polysaccharide: more than two sugar units joined together.

Trace Element: mineral required by a living organism in small amounts e.g. Iron.

Triglyceride: subunit of a lipid composed of C, H and O in the form of two biomolecules; glycerol and fatty acids.

Water soluble vitamin: vitamins that dissolve in water e.g. vitamin C.