Electron Distribution

Electron Distribution

• how electrons are arranged in the orbitals
  • s has one orbital
  • p has three orbitals
  • d has five orbitals
  • f has seven orbitals

1. Aufbau Principle - electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first
2. Pauli’s Exclusion Principle - at most 2 electrons per orbital

1. Must have opposing spins
   3. Hund’s Rule - when electrons enter orbitals, 1 electron goes into each orbital until every orbital gets one; then pair

Dot Diagrams

1. Write Symbol
2. Find the outer energy level
3. Dot for each electron in the outer level

Assigning Quantum Numbers

• N - tells E level
• L - tells the sublevel
• M sub L - tells orbital
• M sub S - tells the spin (+1/2 or -1/2)