Basketball Notes

Page 1: Course Details

  • Course Title: Physical Education 2 - Basketball
  • Prepared by: Jerome Esguera
  • Location: Georgetown

Page 2: History of Basketball

  • 1891: Invented by James Naismith, a graduate student at Springfield College. First game: 1-0 score.
  • 1892: First public game at YMCA, Springfield; students won 5-1.
  • 1893: First international game in Paris, France.
  • 1894: Replacement of the soccer ball with an official basketball.
  • 1896: First intercollegiate game with modern rules in Iowa City, Iowa.
  • 1898: Formation of the National Basketball League (NBL).
  • 1901: Dribbling allowed for the first time, but only once per play.

Page 3: Evolution of the Game

  • 1906: Introduction of metal hoops, nets, and backboards, replacing peach baskets.
  • 1909: Allowance for unlimited dribbling.
  • 1932: Establishment of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA).
  • 1936: Basketball's debut as an Olympic sport at Berlin Olympics.
  • 1949: NBA formed after BAA and NBL merger.
  • 1976: NBA and ABA merger, bringing best players together.
  • 1979: Adoption of the 3-point line.
  • 1992: US “Dream Team” wins gold in Barcelona Olympics.
  • 2000s: Players like Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant revolutionize the game, increasing global popularity.

Page 4: The 13 Original Rules of Basketball

  1. Ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
  2. Ball may be batted in any direction (not with fists).
  3. Players cannot run with the ball; must throw from the spot caught.
  4. Ball must be held with hands, not arms or body.
  5. No illegal physical contact; first infringement is a foul.
  6. Striking at the ball with a fist is a foul.
  7. Goals made when the ball is thrown/batted into the basket.
  8. Out of bounds procedure defined, with time restrictions for throw-ins.
  9. Umpire judges fouls, referee judges play.
  10. Game played in two 15-minute halves with a 5-minute break.
  11. Most goals win; games can continue until a goal is scored in case of a tie.

Page 5: Game Dynamics

  • Basketball involves two teams of five players trying to shoot the ball through a hoop.
  • Court divided by a mid-court line; offensive team must advance ball within 8 seconds.
  • Scoring occurs when the ball is shot through the hoop at a height of 10 feet.

Page 6: Scoring System

  • Field Goals:
    • 2 points: Score within the arc.
    • 3 points: Score beyond the arc.
  • Free Throws:
    • Worth 1 point; awarded for certain fouls.
    • Shooting fouls grant extra attempts based on where the player was shot.
    • “1-and-1” opportunity: after reaching team foul thresholds.

Page 7: Starting the Game

  • The game begins with a tip-off at center court between two players.
  • Teams switch baskets at halftime.

Page 8: Types of Fouls

  • Personal Fouls: Illegal physical contact, including hitting and pushing.
  • Penalties:
    • Free throws awarded based on situation (shooting vs. non-shooting).
  • Team Foul Counts:
    • 1 free throw for first seven fouls; 2 free throws for ten or more fouls.

Page 9: Specific Foul Types

  • Charging: Offensive foul for running into a defender.
  • Blocking: Illegal contact due to not establishing position.
  • Flagrant Foul: Violent contact, leads to free throws and possession retention.
  • Intentional Foul: Contact made without trying to steal the ball.
  • Technical Foul: Violations of game manners (obscenity, misbehaviors).

Page 10: Violations

  • Traveling: Taking excessive steps without dribbling.
  • Double Dribble: Dribbling after stopping or hitting with both hands.
  • Goaltending: Interfering with shots in prohibited zones.
  • Backcourt Violation: Returning to the backcourt once across mid-court.
  • Kickball Violation: Intentionally kicking the ball.

Page 11: Player Positions

  • Center: Tallest player, responsible for scoring and blocking.
  • Forward: Mid-height, involved in scoring and rebounding.
  • Guard: Shortest, excels in dribbling and passing.

Responsibilities Overview:

  • Offensive: Get open, shoot, set up plays.
  • Defensive: Prevent scoring, steal passes.

Page 12: Court Specifications

  • Court Dimensions: 28m (length) x 15m (width)
  • Hoop Height: 10 feet (elevated)
  • Backboard Size: 42 inches in height, 72 inches in width