sept 22

1980 in the future the world would be a crime ridden hellscape due to current stats.

the more young people the more crime coming into the age group

new drugs were introduced

marijuanna was viewed as evil and cocainne was not racially rooted discussed later

in the late 19 century change is beginning to due to mass migration you have a large group as immigrants that were not considered as white and not welcomed with open arms

this is refered to as the great migration largest times of movement in history

large groups of southen black people moving

now all of the sudden you have slums where immigrants and people working in the factory lives

chicago school challened the idea that crime is the indivual promblem but instead ones social environment

the wo biggest groups black itallian and jewish

cities had ready work once one group settled the rest told others to come over

little italy little korea werent made themselves the exhist to isolate immigrant to one part of the city

public schooling is madnitory which is now an aparatus for conforment

their traditions to then be traded for an american way of life

nativism is a constant phenomenon in american history when immigrants arrive

some began to be upset that immigrants would work for lower wages

hating their ‘new’ religious practices

and called them low class illiterates

the american protective organization led the restrictive quota system keeping too many immigrants from coming in

economic is used to repackage their motivation not the main problem

the real problem is race and religion

immigration and crime correllation has been disproven

native born people are actually the ones more likely

once discourse reaches the popular conscience it will never come back

social disorganizationtheory contends that crime and deviance emerge

deviance is against the social norm eg not holding the door open and crime is something that goes against a law in place

economic marginalization, economic hardship in the community

residential mobility(people constantly moving out of the neigborhood)(essentially how long have u lived in your house)(theres no relationship between people

ethnic heterogenity (different ethinicities come together)(they want you to imagine that theres a group of greek kids doing something they shouldnt and an italian grandma comes out yelling at them it doesnt have the same effect)(it creates the conditions necessary for a lack of social control)

the more disorganized a community becomes the more likely they are to commit crime

formal control is the teacher

the informal type of control is students

we have more social control

the govenment and police is the formal control

society is the informal

the shame amounst society

Concentric zone theory suggests the expansion of the city is associated with
five forms of urban land use
– The ‘Loop’ is the central business district of the city and home to
commercial enterprises in proximity to transportation resources
– The ‘Zone in Transition’ is the least favourable of residential settings and
is comprised of deteriorated buildings, factories, and is home to cohorts
who cannot afford to live elsewhere
– The ‘Zone of Working Homes’ is a zone comprised of immigrant families
who have experienced upward mobility
– The ‘Residential Zone’ is comprised of single-family dwellings, and
regarded as the middle class
– The ‘Commuter Zone’ is comprised of more expensive housing, and
residents have the capacity to travel for the purposes of work

the black belt is where the black people ended up settling

cities are designed in grids

the problem with this model eg chicago there is water on the the other side of downtown

areas can change eg gentrification

the theory suggests the further you move the less crime there should be

its not wrong but it isnt always right

there are crime in the zone in transition cause the environment enables it look back at the 3 causes

they are not argueimg that immigration caused crime the disorganization just serves as the catalyst for crime

SHaw and McKay common sense is not as common

they lived in the bible belt then moved to chicago changing their knowledge of whats common is drasticly altered

they look at youth records it doesnt matter what your race was the zone of transition is where the most crime sits

their representation in the court system decreases its a by product of the community that is what influences crime

they adopt the 3 references but they add a fourth

(4) heterogenous value system of a neighbourhood
– Understanding Shaw and McKay’s social location provides an
account for their theoretical assumptions

families are going to have to work more and young people are less supervised and now you have other people ‘policing’ young people which they arent able to do due to different value systems

these make criminal subcultures emerge

the richer a community becomes the less disorganized they become because young people are more supervised

the problem that could have been had was that poorer neighborhoods were over policed

sampson takes the idea of classic disorganization theory he adds that family disruption aruguing single parents face more difficult time watching

reganomics the number of people housed in jail is increased drastically because any form of drug possesion

they add urbanism the more urban a comunity is the more likely crime is

Sampson and Groves (1989) added additional features/indicators of
social disorganization, which were not originally tested by Shaw and
McKay
– Urbanism, family disruption, and structural density
– Local friendship networks, low organizational participation, and
unsupervised teenaged peer-groups are used as a measure for
social organization

structural density is the grouping of buildings and houses versus not determines rates of crime

social capital is generally identified as the presence of connections that facillitate coordination and connection creating mutual benifit essentiall knowing the right people

microlevel social capital refers to relationshios between individuals and macrolevel social capital.

we could incrase safety if you get to know your neigbors nighly watches

communties with higher efficacy have higher control

lower means efficay mean less control less stake in the community and higher crim

if class participation is tied to a bonus grade now you have stake

social disorganization theory explain what its arguing and choose which theory

heterogenius value system

samson added

read result section then look at the tabels thursday