Section A:
Physical Africa
Location, political, relief & drainage
Africa's climate: regions & vegetation
Africa's developing economies
Dynamics of population geography
Elementary cartography
Section B: RSA
Physical RSA (location, relief, drainage)
RSA’s climate (regions, vegetation, settlements)
RSA’s economic resources (agriculture, minerals, water)
Statistical graphs (line graphs, bar graphs, pie charts)
Physical Africa:
Area: 30.37 million km² (2nd largest continent)
Largest country: Algeria
Smallest country: Seychelles
Northerly point: Ras ben Sakka (Tunisia)
Westerly point: Cape Verde (near Senegal)
Easterly point: Ras Hafun (Somalia)
Southerly point: Cape Agulhas
38 countries with coastlines, 16 landlocked countries
North Africa: 6 countries (Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Western Sahara)
West Africa: 18 countries (e.g., Benin, Burkina Faso, Nigeria)
Central Africa: 6 countries (e.g., Central African Republic, Congo)
East Africa: 14 countries (e.g., Ethiopia, Somalia, Uganda)
Southern Africa: 10 countries (e.g., South Africa, Zambia)
Regions Overview:
Egypt in North Africa, Benin in West Africa, Congo in Central Africa, Ethiopia in East Africa, South Africa in Southern Africa
Equator: Divides Africa into North (up to 37°N) and South (up to 35°S)
Latitudinal range: 20°E to 15°W
22% of the world's land area; 90% of the population lives on 21% of the land
Total population: 1,308,502,479 (worldometers 2018)
Overview of major physical features including mountains, rivers, and deserts
Pangaea breakdown over 200 million years ago; movement towards the equator
Dominant divergent forces shaping the landscape like the Great Escarpment
Africa as a plateau with varied surface heights (600m to 2600m in Maluti mountains)
Erosion and sediment redistribution describe landforms like inselbergs
Formation of Atlas mountains and Cape fold mountains, geological history
Differences in timelines and formation
Description of shallow basins formed by deposition of sediments
Prominent basins like the Congo basin and their geological significance
Nile: Longest river, vital for agriculture in Egypt
Congo: Central Africa’s major river; source of transport and fishing
Niger and Zambezi: Importance for local agriculture, power generation, and transportation
Sources of domestic water and fishing and potential tourist attractions
East African Rift System formation and its geological implications
Earthquake activity and associated volcanoes
Significant oil production in Sub-Saharan Africa with Nigeria as a leader
Lake Chad and its shrinking size due to human activity
Sahara's vast expanse and dynamics of desert formation through erosive processes
Types of lakes in Africa and their formation due to geological processes.