civil war

Causes of the Civil War

One major cause of the Civil War was the disagreement over ______Slavery____.

The South believed in ______States_____________________ rights, while the North supported a strong _____________Federal______________ government.

The _______MIssouri_______________ Compromise and the _____Kansas Nebraska___________ Act tried to settle disputes about slavery in new territories.

The election of __________________Lincoln_________ in 1860 led Southern states to ____________secede_______________ from the Union.

II. Events Leading to the War

Year

Event

Significance

1852

Uncle Toms’s Cabin____

Increased Northern opposition to slavery (book)

1854

Kansas Nebraska Act______

Led to violence in “Bleeding Kansas”

1857

Dred Scott Decision___

Ruled enslaved people had no rights

1859

John Brown’s Raid _________

Attempted slave uprising increased Southern fears

1860

Lincoln’s Election________

Triggered secession of Southern states

1861

Fort Sumter__________

First shots of the Civil War

III. The Two Sides

Union (North)

Confederacy (South)

President:Lincoln_______

President: Jefferson Davis______

Advantages: __

Industry__________

Railroads_________, Population____________

Advantages:

Military leadership

“Home field Advantage”_______

Strategy: ____Anaconda Plan

Blockade

2. Capture Mississippi River

3. Capture Richmond

Strategy: defensive War

Seek British__ recognition/allies

IV. Major Battles

Battle

Year

Outcome / Significance

Fort Sumter_______

1861

First shots of the war

Bull Run __________

1861

Showed war would not be short

Antietam__________

1862

Bloodiest single day; led to Emancipation Proclamation

Gettysburg___________

1863

Turning point of the war

Vicksburg________

1863

Gave Union control of Mississippi River

Sherman’s March to the Sea_

1864

“Total war” devastated the South

Appomattox Court House_

1865

Lee surrendered; war ended

V. Key People

Lincoln___ – President of the Union; issued the Emancipation Proclamation

Jefferson Davis_________ – President of the Confederacy

Ulysses S Grant_________ – Union general who accepted Lee’s surrender

Robert E Lee________ – Confederate general who led the Army of Northern Virginia

William Tecumseh Sherman________ – Led the “March to the Sea”

Frederick Douglass___ – Former enslaved man and abolitionist who advised Lincoln

VI. Emancipation & the Home Front

The Emancipation Proclamation (1863) freed enslaved people in __Confederate controlled territories

The Northern economy Grew_________ during the war, while the Southern economy __________________collapsed_________.

The Draft Riots in New York City____ showed that support for the war was not unanimous.

VII. End of the War & Reconstruction

Confederate General Lee________ surrendered to Union General ___________________________ at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.

President ______Lincoln_____ was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth___ shortly after the war ended.

The 13th Amendment abolished ________Slavery_______.

Lincoln's Gettysburg Address: At the dedication of the Gettysburg cemetery, Lincoln emphasized national unity and a commitment to________equality___________________________.

Lincoln’s Vice-President _______Andrew Johnson________ was left to heal the wounds of the nation.

VIII. Review Questions

How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the goal of the war?

_It made ending slavery a central goal of the war, in addition to preserving the Union.

__________________________________________________________________________________

Why was Gettysburg a turning point?

It was a major Union victory that stopped Lee’s invasion of the North._______________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Compare advantages of the Union and Confederacy.

Union: larger population, industry, railroads, navy;

Confederacy: strong military leaders, home-field advantage

__________________________________________________________________________________

What were the main challenges/legacy after the war?

Rebuilding the South, integrating freedpeople into society, enforcing new rights and amendments.

_______________________________________________________________________________