intermolecular forces of attraction (imfa)

  • attracts molecules together

  • binds the compound together

  • binds the molecules of the compounds together

types of intermolecular forces

london dispersion force

  • temporary dipole

  • nonpolar molecules

  • low strength of attraction

dipole-dipole force

  • permanent dipoles

  • polar molecules

  • medium strength of attraction

hydrogen bond

  • permanent dipoles exclusive to F, O, and N

  • polar molecules

  • medium to high strength of attraction

ion-dipole force

  • full ion and dipole

  • ion and polar molecule

  • high strength of attraction

order of the strength of the bonds (lowest to highest)

london dispersion force → dipole-dipole force → hydrogen bond → ion-dipole force

what is the effct of imfa to the surroundings?

  • responsible for creating solid liquid and gas

  • the stronger the interaction between the bonds, the stronger the structure in room temperature

  • the tighter the bond, the more solid the object is

melting and boiling point

  • the stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the melting point and boiling point

viscosity

  • refers to the ease with which molecules can move past each other

  • the stronger the intermolecular forces, the more viscous the substance is

  • the thicker the liquid… or something

cohesion and adhesion

  • cohesion - attraction between like molecules

  • adhesion - attraction between molecules

surface tension

  • results from the net inward attraction experienced by the molecules on the surface of a liquid

  • the stronger the imfa the higher the surface tension will be

capillary action

  • the ability of a liquid to flow up a thin tube against the influence of gravity

  • stronger the adhesion between galss and iquid, the higher the capillary action

solubility

  • ability of solute to dissolve in solvent “like dissolves ike”

  • nonpolar substances are hydrophobic and polar substances are hydrophilic

crystalline & amorphous solids

  • formation nung . material or something ganern .

  • higher the arrangement, the stronger the intermolecular force anitititiitiit fragile