The intellectual revolution

The intellectual revolution was spearheaded by these three thinkers, Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud

Copernican Revolution:

  • Copernicus created the heliosentrism theory.

  • stated that planets revolved around the sun and not the other way around (geocentric) The reason why back then society resisted was because it was the dark ages and everyone “refused” newer concepts in favor of what was already known

  • churches specifically resisted as some theories contradicted the bible.

Darwinian Revolution:

  • Darwin created the theory of evolution

  • His theory proposed that species can change overtime and that new species come from pre existing ones, that makes it so everything has a common ancestor showing that everything is “linked” he calls this descent with modification or what we call “evolution”

    • He studied different species to examine the changes in species through adaptation

  • again the church criticized Darwins theory

Freudian Revolution:

  • father of psychoanalysis, he popularized the concept of ego and how human upbringing influenced human behavbior

  • Changed how people understood personality and mental health

  • Stages

    • Oral stage: your behavior will show the imbalance of your upbringing, (too little too less)

    • Phallic stage: Man centered stage [always acting from sexual impulses]

    • Latency stage: intense repression as we realize life is not all about sexual impulses, we find new impulses that are socially acceptable like sports, education etc

    • Genital stage: having control over our instincts, formally looking for a partner, dating etc

  • Ego

    • Id is the primitive and instinct that we have usually which is associated to immediate satisfaction like hunger, sexual etc. This is the most “raw” self

    • Super-ego is the moral consience which society and our parents establishes in young

    • Ego is the realistic part between the two, regulating your desires with good and bad.

people generally favored what they already knew opposed to concepts that are presented to them which is generally harder to grasp, furthermore higher power had influence on this as religion is a sensitive thing and most of these theories directly contradicts the ideas of the bible