Demography

Here are 30 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the provided demography content:

1. What is the statistical study of human populations known as?

A) Sociology

B) Anthropology

C) Demography

D) Psychology

### 2. Which of the following is NOT a demographic process?

A) Fertility

B) Mortality

C) Migration

D) Education

3. Fertility refers to:

A) The number of children a woman bears during her reproductive years

B) The number of women in a society

C) The ability to migrate

D) The rate of marriages in a societ

### 4. The total fertility rate (TFR) measures:

A) The number of births per 1,000 women

B) The sum of age-specific fertility rates for women aged 15-49

C) The rate of population growth

D) The death rate

### 5. What is Crude Birth Rate?

A) The number of live births per 1,000 people in a year

B) The number of deaths per 1,000 people

C) The total number of births in a region

D) The fertility of a region

### 6. Which factor does NOT influence fertility rates?

A) Social and cultural values

B) Education level

C) Geographic location

D) Labour force participation

### 7. Mortality is defined as:

A) The number of births in a society

B) The number of deaths in a society

C) The number of immigrants in a society

D) The number of children born to each woman

### 8. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) refers to:

A) The number of children born alive

B) The number of deaths of children under 1 year per 1,000 live births

C) The number of infants who are vaccinated

D) The number of pregnancies each year

### 9. What does the Crude Death Rate (CDR) measure?

A) The number of births per 1,000 people

B) The number of deaths per 1,000 people

C) The number of people migrating out

D) The number of new marriages

### 10. Migration refers to the:

A) Movement of people from one region to another

B) Birth of children in a society

C) Number of people dying in a population

D) Number of marriages in a population

### 11. The movement of people from rural to urban areas is an example of:

A) Immigration

B) Emigration

C) Internal migration

D) International migration

### 12. Which is NOT an element of demography?

A) Population size

B) Population composition

C) Population distribution

D) Population technology

### 13. A population’s size can only change through which processes?

A) Mortality, fertility, and migration

B) Birth, death, and economy

C) Politics, economy, and education

D) Fertility, migration, and technology

### 14. Urbanization is best described as:

A) The movement of people to rural areas

B) The growth of cities and towns

C) The increase in agricultural occupations

D) Decrease in population size

### 15. Which is NOT a push factor for rural to urban migration?

A) Lack of resources in rural areas

B) Hope for better job opportunities

C) Better educational facilities

D) Poor living conditions in rural areas

### 16. Which of the following is a negative impact of urbanization?

A) Increased access to education

B) Increased employment opportunities

C) Overcrowding and substandard housing

D) Improved transportation networks

### 17. Which disease is commonly associated with poor sewage disposal?

A) Tuberculosis

B) Dengue fever

C) Bronchitis

D) Malaria

### 18. Population policy is aimed at:

A) Controlling migration

B) Reducing fertility rates

C) Increasing mortality rates

D) Controlling demographic changes

### 19. What is a pro-natalist policy?

A) A policy encouraging high fertility rates

B) A policy to reduce birth rates

C) A policy limiting migration

D) A policy to reduce mortality

### 20. Which of the following countries had an ante-natalist policy?

A) United States

B) Germany

C) China

D) Malaysia

### 21. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in Malaysia has been:

A) Increasing

B) Declining

C) Steady

D) Fluctuating

### 22. The demographic transition model has how many stages?

A) Three

B) Four

C) Five

D) Six

### 23. In Stage 1 of the demographic transition model, population growth is:

A) Rapidly increasing

B) Declining

C) Slow

D) High and fluctuating

### 24. Stage 2 of the demographic transition model is characterized by:

A) High birth rates and declining death rates

B) Low birth rates and low death rates

C) Declining birth rates and high death rates

D) High death rates and low birth rates

### 25. At which stage does population growth stabilize in the demographic transition model?

A) Stage 2

B) Stage 3

C) Stage 4

D) Stage 5

### 26. What is the key factor influencing mortality rates?

A) Fertility rates

B) Medical care

C) Migration

D) Education

### 27. Which population policy controls the influx of immigrants?

A) Pro-natalist policy

B) Anti-natalist policy

C) Immigration policy

D) Laissez-faire policy

### 28. In the demographic transition model, Japan is in which stage?

A) Stage 2

B) Stage 3

C) Stage 4

D) Stage 5

### 29. Which country is an example of a pro-natalist policy?

A) China

B) Germany

C) Malaysia

D) India

### 30. Internal migration is typically highest among:

A) Children

B) Elderly

C) Young adults

D) Married couples