Binomial classification

Binomial System of Nomenclature

  • The binomial system is a standardized method used to name organisms.

    • It consists of two names:

      • Genus (generic) name: The first part of the name, which identifies the group of related species.

      • Species (specific) name: The second part of the name, which identifies the unique species within that genus.

    • Example organisms:

      • Homo sapiens

      • Escherichia coli

      • Salmonella enterica

      • Mus musculus

      • Bison bison

      • Rattus rattus

      • Aderyn drycin

      • Fratercula arctica

      • Pachygnatha zappa

      • Scaptia beyonceae

      • Hyla stingi

      • Agathidium vaderi

Definition of Species

  • Species: A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

  • In Welsh: Rhywogaeth: grwp o organebau sydd yn medru rhyngfridio a chynhyrchu epil ffrwythlon (fertile offspring).

  • Example: Zebronkey

    • Definition: A hybrid of a male zebra and a female donkey.

    • Characteristics:

      • It is a cross between two closely related species.

      • Sterility: Zebronkeys cannot produce offspring because they cannot form viable gametes.

      • Welsh Description: Mae'r zebronkey yn groesryw o sebra gwrywaidd ac asyn benywaidd (It is a cross between a male zebra and a female donkey).

Classification of Organisms (5 Kingdom System)

  • Using resources in laboratory and library to classify organisms:

    • European Robin

    • American Robin

    • Horse

    • Zebra

    • Donkey

    • Oak Tree

    • Rowan Tree (Mountain Ash)

    • Giant Panda

    • Red Panda

    • Polar Bear

    • Domestic Dog

    • Wolf

    • Red Fox

    • Fly Agaric Mushroom

    • Bladderwrack

Domains of Life

  • Determine to which of the three domains the following organisms belong:

    • Methanococcus jannaschii

    • Thermus aquaticus

    • Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • Understanding the domains helps in taxonomy and classification of life forms.

Note: The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya which are fundamental groupings in biological classification.

Klenow/DNA Complex Description

  • Components of Klenow/DNA complex:

    • Domains identified in the structure include: