Business Law

Topic 1: Sources of Malaysian Law
Written Rules (Statute Law): Governed by the Federal Constitution.

Unwritten Law: Includes English law (common law and equity), judicial precedents, and customs.

English Law: Applicable in Malaysia prior to 7 April 1956 (Civil Law Act 1956).

Government Administration System

Separation of Powers: Ensures checks and balances between Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.

Parliament (Legislature): Primary law-making body.

Executive (Government): Enforces law.

Judiciary: Upholds justice.

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Goals: Ensures check and balance within branches & Maintains democracy by protecting citizens' rights and liberties.

Legislation: Law Making Process

Bill Framing: By Minister/Ministry with Attorney General’s advice.

Cabinet Approval: Bill policy explanation.

Parliamentary Readings:

First Reading: Minister reads Bill.

Second Reading: Discussion and debate.

Third Reading: Committee review.

Senate Approval: After House of Representatives.

Monarch Approval: Royal Seal makes it an Act.