Unit3 - Review

Examples of genocide and crimes against humanity

Bosnia(1992-1995)

During the Bosnian War, atrocities were committed, including the Srebrenica massacre, where over 8,000 Bosnia men and boys were killed by Bosnian Serb forces in what is considered genocide

Kosovo(1998-1999)

During the Kosovo War, Serbian forces targeted ethnic Albanians in Kosovo, leading to widespread killings, forced displacement, and ethnic cleansing.

Rwanda(1994)

In the Rwandan Genocide, over 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed by extremist Hutu militias in a coordinated campaign of mass murder

China(ongoing)

In recent years, there have been accusations of genocide against Uighur Muslims in the Xinjiang region, including mass detentions, forced labor, and cultural suppression.

South Africa(1948-1994)

The apartheid system in South Africa involved institutionalized racial segregation, discrimination, and violence against Black South Africans, considered crimes against humanity

Examples of NGO’s(Non-government organizations)

Greenpeace

an international environmental organization that works to protect the planet by campaigning on issues like climate change, deforestation, and ocean pollution

Doctors Without Borders

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières) is an international humanitarian organization that provides medical care to people affected by crises, including natural disasters, conflicts, and epidemics

Amnesty International

global human rights organization that works to protect individuals from human rights abuses by advocating for justice, freedom of expression, and the protection of rights worldwide

Examples of American Unilateralism

Korean War(1950-1953)

  • UN led by the U.S defended South Korean sovereignty from the communist North

  • North Korea was supported by the People’s Republic of China(1949)

  • Over 3 million civilians died

Vietnam War(1955-1975)

  • America sent over 500 000 soldiers to defend South Vietnam from the communist North

  • 60 000 American soldiers died and then they pull out from the war in 1973

Iraq(1990)

  • Iraq invades Kuwait in August 1990

  • At first, the international community attempt to use diplomacy and pressure

  • In January, the UN used force to remove Iraq and Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait

  • In the end, no regime change

Organizations

Apart of the UN

UNICEF(United Nations Children’s Fund) - protecting and promoting the rights and well-being of children

WHO(World Health Organization) - Public health issues

IMF(International Monetary Fund - Stabilize world economy

Outside the UN

WTO(World Trade Organization) - Deals with rules of trade between ations to promote free and fair global trade

NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - Military alliance that provides collective defense and promotes security cooperation among its member countries: U.S, Canada, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Turkey, Spain, etc

NORAD(North American Aerospace Defense Command) - Responsible for monitoring and defending the airspace and territory of North America from threats like missile attacks and aircraft intrusions