Capitulum XVII Notes
Capitulum XVII - Numerī Difficilēs
Cultūra Numerī Rōmānī (I ūsque ad M)
- Roman numerals from 1 to 1000 are covered.
- The basic symbols are: I, V, X, L, C, D, M.
Pecūnia et Nūmmī Rōmānī
- Roman currency is discussed.
- as x 4 = 1 sēstertius:
- sēstertius x 4 = 1 dēnārius:
Grammatica
- Grammar concepts include:
- First, second, and third person.
- Singular and plural forms.
- Passive voice (vōx passīva).
- Deponent verbs (verba deponentia).
- All conjugations are covered.
- discipulus digitīs computat - a student counts on their fingers
Vōx Passīva (Passive Voice)
- Example: laudārī (to be praised)
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| ego | laudor | nōs laudāmur |
| tū | laudāris | vōs laudāminī |
| is/ea/id | laudātur | eī/eae/ea laudantur |
Verba Deponentia (Deponent Verbs)
- Example: conārī (to try)
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| ego | conor | nōs conāmur |
| tū | conāris | vōs conāmini |
| is/ea/id | conātur | eī/eae/ea conantur |
Adiectīvī (Adjectives)
- prūdēns ←→ stultus: wise ←→ foolish
- industrius ←→ piger: industrious/hardworking ←→ lazy
- pravus ←→ rectus: wrong/crooked ←→ right/straight
- difficilis ←→ facilis: difficult ←→ easy
- doctus ←→ indoctus: learned ←→ unlearned
- absēns ←→ praesēns: absent ←→ present
- certus ←→ incertus: certain ←→ uncertain
- largus = quī multum dat: generous = one who gives much
- quisque = omnēs: each = all
- tot = tam multī: so many = as many
Nōmina (Nouns)
- respōnsum = quod respondētur: answer = that which is answered
Verba (Verbs)
- discere: discipulus discit - to learn: the student learns
- docēre: magister (doctor) docet - to teach: the teacher teaches
- reprehendere ←→ laudāre: to scold/reprimand ←→ to praise
- scīre ←→ nescīre: to know ←→ to not know
- prōmere ←→ repōnere: to bring forth ←→ to put back
- tollere = in altum pōnere: to lift = to put up high
- interpellāre = in medium venīre: to interrupt = to come in the middle
- cōgitāre = putāre: to think = to consider
- prōmere = extrahere: to bring forth = to extract
- oportēre = necesse esse; convenīre: to be necessary; to be fitting
- largīrī = multum dare: to bestow = to give much
- dēmōnstrāre = verbīs mōnstrāre: to demonstrate = to show with words
- partīrī = dividere in partes: to divide = to divide into parts
- promere = sumere: to bring out = to take
Adverbia temporālia (Temporal Adverbs)
- numquam = nullō tempore: never = at no time
- numquam ←→ semper: never ←→ always
- saepe = multīs temporibus: often = at many times
- postrēmō ←→ prīmum: finally/lastly ←→ first
Aliā Adverbia (Other Adverbs)
- pravē ←→ rectē: wrongly ←→ rightly
- quamquam ←→ quia: although ←→ because
- quārē = cūr: wherefore = why