Final Test

Judiciary

  • Hamilton described as least dangerous branch


Cases

  • Marbury v. Madison (1803): judicial review

  • McCulloch v. Maryland (1857): federal law prevails

  • Dred Scott v. Stanford (1857): legalized slavery across the US

  • Slaughterhouse Cases (1873): plaintiffs asked SC to apply the limitations on govt power in federal bill of rights to the states, such as taking private property without compensation

  • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): does 14A allow for segregation in public accommodations? PAIRED W BROWN

  • Lochner v. New York (1905): are business regulations allowed? (14A does not allow for business regulations) PAIRED W CAROLENE PRODUCTS

  • US v. Carolene Products (1938): allows for business regulations allowed PAIRED W LOCHNER

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube v. Sawyer (1952): supreme courts say no to

  • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): 14A is not okay with segregation PAIRED W PLESSY

  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963): constitution says someone has the right to the assistance of an attorney when under arrest PAIR W MIRANDA

  • Griswold v. Connecticut (1965): right to privacy

  • Miranda v. Arizona (1966): if a person is arrested, they must be read their rights out loud PAIR W GIDEON

  • Loving v. Virginia (1967): removed laws making it illegal for interracial relationships

  • Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969): “three prong test”,” if a speaker advocates imminent, violent, and illegal action that is carried out, they can be punished for it

  • Roe v. Wade (1973):

  • US v. Nixon (1974): Nixon tried to use executive power to avoid a court sobpoena

  • McDonald v. Chicago (2010): INCORPORATED part of BOR to limit power of states.

  • National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (2012): example of continued arguments about what the commerce clause means

  • New York State Rifle and Pistol v. Bruen (2022): more details on how 2A limits the power of the states

  • Dobbs v. Jackson (2022): overruled Roe v. Wade


! Know number of courts

Difference between original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction (only hears case on appeal)

6th circuit court of appeals oversees Michigan

Rule of 4

  • 9 total justices, if 4 or more think a case is worth hearing, court issues writ of certiorari (letter SC sends when it accepts an appeal)



Article 3

  • S1: