Notes on Formulating Evaluative Statements and Determining Textual Evidences

FORMULATING EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS AND DETERMINING TEXTUAL EVIDENCES

Overview of the Lesson
  • Lesson Title: Formulating Evaluative Statements and Determining Textual Evidences
  • Objectives:
    • Develop the ability to formulate evaluative statements.
    • Determine the types of textual evidence used in arguments.
  • Key Reminders:
    • Carefully read instructions and rubrics before starting activities.
    • Avoid plagiarism and manage time effectively.
    • Submit all activities on or before the deadline.
Evaluative Statements
  • Definition:
    • Statements that express opinions based on a particular set of criteria regarding strengths, weaknesses, and improvements of a text.
  • Importance:
    • They are essential for reasoning and discussing beliefs through text engagement.
Steps in Formulating Effective Evaluative Statements
  1. Assertion Formation:
    • Develop assertions about the content and properties of the text.
    • Assertions are backed by evidence to substantiate beliefs.
  2. Counterclaims:
    • Present counterclaims in response to the text’s claims for a balanced discussion.
Types of Assertions
  1. Fact:
    • Statements that can be verified.
    • Example: "The capital of France is Paris."
      • Verification: Check maps or reliable sources.
  2. Convention:
    • Society-accepted statements varying by culture.
    • Example: Traditional greetings vary by culture (e.g., bowing in Japan).
  3. Opinion:
    • Based on personal belief, often debatable.
    • Example: "Baguio City is the best city to visit in the summer."
  4. Preference:
    • Subjective assertions based on personal choice.
    • Example: "Japanese cuisine is the best in Asia."
Counterclaims
  • Definition:
    • Claims that oppose or balance the arguments presented in a text.
  • Components of a Good Counterclaim:
    1. Acknowledge the opposing argument as your topic sentence.
    2. Refute it logically with evidence.
Determining Textual Evidences
  • Definition:
    • Supporting details used to substantiate arguments or assertions within a text.
Types of Textual Evidence
  1. Statistical Evidence:
    • Data providing numerical backing to claims.
    • Example: "The current population of the Philippines is 110,276,302 as of July 1, 2020."
  2. Testimonial Evidence:
    • Expert opinions or experiences from credible sources.
    • Example: Insights from Dr. Allison A. Buskirk-Cohen about effective learning.
  3. Anecdotal Evidence:
    • Personal stories or observations supporting broader claims.
    • Example: "Waking up early helps me accomplish more tasks in a day."
  4. Analogical Evidence:
    • Comparisons to illustrate and clarify a point.
    • Example: "Depression is like being trapped in a prison without bars."
CRAAP Test
  • Purpose:
    • To evaluate the credibility of information sources.
  • Criteria:
    1. Currency: Timeliness of information.
    2. Relevance: Importance of the information for your needs.
    3. Authority: Credentials and expertise of the author/source.
    4. Accuracy: Reliability and truthfulness of the content.
    5. Purpose: Reason for the source's existence (e.g., to inform, persuade, etc.).
Summary of Key Points
  • Evaluative statements are crucial for critical engagement with texts.
  • Identifying types of assertions helps in articulating personal beliefs and supporting arguments effectively.
  • Understanding textual evidence strengthens persuasive writing and argumentation.
  • Evaluating sources via the CRAAP test ensures the reliability of information used.