Management in Healthcare

Learning Objectives

• Understanding the management process.

Key Terms

• Manager: Individual in charge of a business/department.

• Leader: Individual with commanding authority or influence.

• Follower: Individual in service of another.

• Employee: Works for another for wages/salary.

• Subordinate: Individual with less power/authority than another.

Management Theory

• Collection of ideas on managing a business/organization.

• Addresses manager-organizational relations, achieving goals, and motivating employees.

Historical Management Theories

• Essential for understanding current management practices in healthcare.

• Will discuss: Behavioral, Contingency, Transformational, Values-based, and Servant theories.

Scientific Management

• Originated in early 20th century, focuses on studying work processes.

• Aims to improve employee efficiency and work environment.

• Associated theorists: Frederick Taylor, Max Weber, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, Henry Gantt.

Frederick Taylor

• Father of Scientific Management.

• Introduced principles to improve employee efficiency through streamlined tasks.

• Four guiding principles:

  • Evaluate work performance using scientific methods.

  • Match employees to jobs based on capability.

  • Motivate and train employees for maximum efficiency.

  • Allocate work between managers and subordinates.

Max Weber

• Introduced bureaucracy theory emphasizing hierarchical structure and authority.

• Identified three types of legitimate authority:

  • Traditional

  • Rational-Legal

  • Charismatic

• Impact on organization management and leadership in changing environments.

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

• Conducted time and motion studies to enhance worker efficiency.

• Introduced concepts such as standardization and operational efficiency in healthcare.

Henry Gantt

• Developed Gantt chart for project management.

• Introduced backcasting technique for goal achievement.

• Emphasized empowerment of workers and managers in the workplace.