The Constitutional Convention and the Birth of the U.S. Government

  • The Constitutional Convention (1787)

    • Purpose: A meeting to address the severe inadequacies and lack of functionality of the Articles of Confederation government, which had been in effect for more than half a decade.

    • Key Influencers:

    • Alexander Hamilton: Highly influential in calling for the convention, having advocated for a stronger government for over five years. He envisioned a more robust national structure.

    • George Washington: His support and backing were crucial for the convention to take place.

    • Intent vs. Outcome: Although not all delegates initially intended to, the convention ultimately led to the creation of a brand-new document, the U.S. Constitution, establishing an entirely new government rather than merely revising the existing one.

    • Participants & Duration:

    • Delegates: 5454 men representing all 1313 states.

    • Schedule: They worked through the summer of May, June, July, and August (a 44-month meeting) without air conditioning.

    • Secrecy: The proceedings were closed to the public and press. This was to allow for open and frank discussion without external pressure, though the existence of the convention itself was widely known.

    • Key Figures at the Convention:

    • Alexander Hamilton: A delegate, but he notably left and returned to New York City at least once. He is credited for his foresight in recognizing the need for a stronger, better government, but James Madison took the lead in drafting the details.

    • James Madison: Considered the main intellectual force behind the Constitution. He was exceptionally intelligent, described as