Geography Unit 1 Test_ Mapping Skills

Definitions

  • Latitude: Measures the distance North and South of the equator.

  • Longitude: The angular distance of a place East or West.

  • Equator: The first line of latitude (0 degrees); it serves as the starting point for measuring latitude.

  • Prime Meridian: The first line of longitude (0 degrees); serves as a reference for measuring longitude.

  • Compass Rose: A graphic used on maps to show principal directions (North, East, South, West).

  • Small Scale Map: Represents a large area with less detail.

  • Large Scale Map: Represents a small area with a lot of detail.

  • Map Scale: Indicates the ratio of map distance to real-life distance.

The 5 Great Lakes

  • Lake Huron

  • Lake Ontario

  • Lake Michigan

  • Lake Erie

  • Lake Superior

Oceans Surrounding Canada

  • Arctic Ocean

  • Pacific Ocean

  • Atlantic Ocean

Rivers in Canada

  • Mackenzie River

  • Red River

  • St. Lawrence River

Types of Scales

  • Example Statement Line:

    • 1 cm = 100 km

    • To find real-life distance, multiply the cm distance by the distance on the scale.

  • Line Scale:

    • Graphical line marked with distances e.g., |----|----|----|----|----|

      0 5 10 15 20 25km

    • Measure map distance using a piece of paper or ruler.

  • Ratio Scale/Rep Fraction:

    • Example: 1 cm on the map represents 5 km in reality (1:500,000).

    • Measure the map distance with a ruler and convert appropriately.

Type of Map & Users

  • General Purpose Map: Used by students and tourists.

  • Topographic Map: Utilized by military and urban planners.

  • Thematic Maps: Focus on a singular theme for studies.

  • Digital G.I.S.: Used broadly by everyone for various applications.

Capital Cities, Provinces, and Time Zones

  • Edmonton, Alberta - Mountain

  • Victoria, British Columbia - Pacific

  • Winnipeg, Manitoba - Central

  • Fredericton, New Brunswick - Atlantic

  • St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador - Newfoundland (00:30)

  • Yellowknife, Northwest Territories - Mountain

  • Halifax, Nova Scotia - Atlantic

  • Iqaluit, Nunavut - Eastern

  • Toronto, Ontario - Eastern

  • Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island - Atlantic

  • Quebec City, Quebec - Eastern

  • Regina, Saskatchewan - Central

  • Whitehorse, Yukon - Pacific

Travel Examples

  • Departure City: Regina

    • Arrival City: Winnipeg

    • Direction of Arrival: East

    • Distance: 385 km

    • Time Zone Difference: –

  • Departure City: Toronto

    • Arrival City: Victoria

    • Direction of Arrival: West

    • Distance: 4800 km

    • Time Zone Difference: 3 hours