Muscle Anatomy Review

Key Management of Lab Models

  • Each cabinet contains keys for different lab models.

  • Lab coordinator, Bailey, assists in matching keys to models, particularly for the muscular anatomy.

  • Muscle models have specific numbers for identification.

Using Muscle Models

  • Models with muscles are on green bases, while smaller arm and leg models are on white bases.

  • Ensure to use the correct key to avoid confusion.

  • Handle models carefully as they are expensive and prone to damage over time.

    • Models are heavy and have parts that may fall off.

Model Layers and Muscle Visibility

  • Muscle models illustrate different layers:

    • One side shows superficial muscles.

    • The other side displays bones with some muscles removed for clarity.

  • Specifically, for abdominal muscles, there are three layers:

    • Two visible from the front and one from the back.

Lab Exam Overview

  • Focus on muscles that move the jaw, neck, chest, and abdomen for the lab exam on Thursday.

  • Know:

    • Muscle names, locations, actions, origins, insertions.

  • Important:

    • If there’s a big black box in the muscle table, you do not need to memorize that information.

Important Muscles to Study (First Page)

  1. Temporalis

    • Location: Over the temporal bone of the skull.

  2. Masseter

    • Attachment: From zygomatic arch to mandible.

    • Function: Elevates jaw; associated with mastication (chewing).

  3. Orbicularis Oris

    • Description: Circular muscle around the lips; functions to close lips.

  4. Sternocleidomastoid

    • Structure: Runs from the mastoid process of the skull to the clavicle and sternum.

    • Function: Flexes the neck and helps in rotation when contracted single-handedly.

  5. Trapezius

    • Shape: Kite-shaped muscle; extends from the base of the skull to lumbar vertebrae.

    • Multiple functions depending on the part contracted.

  6. Intercostals

    • Definition: Muscles located between the ribs (intercostals means between ribs).

    • Layers: External intercostals (superficial) and internal intercostals (deeper).

    • Function: Facilitate breathing by expanding the thoracic cavity.

  7. Diaphragm

    • Description: Flat muscle that forms the base of the thoracic cavity.

    • Importance: Main muscle responsible for breathing.

  8. Rectus Abdominis

    • Function: Forms the structure known as 'six-pack' when toned; centrally located in the abdomen.

  9. External Obliques

    • Location: Outermost layer on the side of the abdomen.

  10. Internal Obliques

    • Structure: Layer beneath the external obliques.

  11. Transverse Abdominis

    • Orientation: Muscle fibers run horizontally; located beneath the obliques.