Dental Anatomy | Terminology | INBDE

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Q: How many permanent teeth do adults typically have?

A: Adults typically have 32 permanent teeth, though some people may have more or fewer.

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Q: What is the complete set of adult teeth called?

A: Permanent dentition.

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Q: What are the anterior and posterior teeth?

A:

- Anterior teeth: The front six teeth in both arches.

- Posterior teeth: All the teeth behind the anterior teeth in both arches.

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Q: What are incisors and their functions?

A:

- Incisors: The front four teeth used for cutting food.

- Functions: Aesthetic (important for smiles) and phonetics (producing "f" and "v" sounds).

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Q: What are canines and their functions?

A:

- Canines: Longer, pointed teeth near the corners of the mouth, also called "eye teeth."

- Functions: Tearing food.

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Q: What are molars and premolars used for?

A:

- Molars: Chewing, milling, and grinding food.

- Premolars: Assist in chewing but to a lesser extent.

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Q: How are teeth named conventionally?

A:

1. Identify the arch (Maxillary = upper; Mandibular = lower).

2. Specify the side (right or left).

3. State the type of tooth (e.g., central incisor).

Example: "Maxillary right central incisor" for tooth #8.

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Q: What is a cusp?

A: A pointed or rounded elevation on the crown of a tooth.

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Q: What is a tubercle?

A: A small elevation on a tooth caused by extra enamel formation.

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Q: What are mamelons, and what do they indicate if present after age 10?

A:

- Mamelons: Small bumps on incisal edges of newly erupted teeth.

- Indicator: Could suggest an anterior open bite if present after age 10.

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Q: What is the height of contour?

A: The widest part of a tooth surface, sticking out the most.

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Q: What is the difference between a diastema and an embrasure?

A:

- Diastema: A gap between two teeth.

- Embrasure: The v-shaped valleys around teeth, allowing food passage.

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Q: What are developmental and supplemental grooves?

A:

- Developmental grooves: Large grooves formed by lobe unification.

- Supplemental grooves: Smaller grooves, giving a wrinkly appearance to occlusal surfaces.

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Q: What is a fissure, and why are sealants used?

A:

- Fissure: A deep groove from imperfect lobe union.

- Sealants: Prevent decay in fissures, which are hard to clean.

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Q: What is a cingulum?

A: A convex protuberance on the lingual surface of anterior teeth, near the gingiva.

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Q: What is the furcation of a tooth?

A: The branching point of a multi-rooted tooth (bifurcation = 2 roots, trifurcation = 3 roots).

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Q: What is the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)?

A: The point where cementum and enamel layers meet on a tooth’s surface.

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Q: What is a root trunk?

A: The area of a tooth root between the CEJ and the furcation.

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Q: Which teeth are most commonly missing?

A:

1. Third molars (wisdom teeth).

2. Mandibular second premolars.

3. Maxillary lateral incisors.

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Q: What is an apex, and what is the apical foramen?

A:

- Apex: The tip of a tooth root.

- Apical foramen: The opening at the root tip where nerves and blood vessels enter/exit.