Dental Anatomy | Terminology | INBDE
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Q: How many permanent teeth do adults typically have?
A: Adults typically have 32 permanent teeth, though some people may have more or fewer.
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Q: What is the complete set of adult teeth called?
A: Permanent dentition.
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Q: What are the anterior and posterior teeth?
A:
- Anterior teeth: The front six teeth in both arches.
- Posterior teeth: All the teeth behind the anterior teeth in both arches.
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Q: What are incisors and their functions?
A:
- Incisors: The front four teeth used for cutting food.
- Functions: Aesthetic (important for smiles) and phonetics (producing "f" and "v" sounds).
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Q: What are canines and their functions?
A:
- Canines: Longer, pointed teeth near the corners of the mouth, also called "eye teeth."
- Functions: Tearing food.
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Q: What are molars and premolars used for?
A:
- Molars: Chewing, milling, and grinding food.
- Premolars: Assist in chewing but to a lesser extent.
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Q: How are teeth named conventionally?
A:
1. Identify the arch (Maxillary = upper; Mandibular = lower).
2. Specify the side (right or left).
3. State the type of tooth (e.g., central incisor).
Example: "Maxillary right central incisor" for tooth #8.
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Q: What is a cusp?
A: A pointed or rounded elevation on the crown of a tooth.
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Q: What is a tubercle?
A: A small elevation on a tooth caused by extra enamel formation.
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Q: What are mamelons, and what do they indicate if present after age 10?
A:
- Mamelons: Small bumps on incisal edges of newly erupted teeth.
- Indicator: Could suggest an anterior open bite if present after age 10.
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Q: What is the height of contour?
A: The widest part of a tooth surface, sticking out the most.
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Q: What is the difference between a diastema and an embrasure?
A:
- Diastema: A gap between two teeth.
- Embrasure: The v-shaped valleys around teeth, allowing food passage.
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Q: What are developmental and supplemental grooves?
A:
- Developmental grooves: Large grooves formed by lobe unification.
- Supplemental grooves: Smaller grooves, giving a wrinkly appearance to occlusal surfaces.
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Q: What is a fissure, and why are sealants used?
A:
- Fissure: A deep groove from imperfect lobe union.
- Sealants: Prevent decay in fissures, which are hard to clean.
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Q: What is a cingulum?
A: A convex protuberance on the lingual surface of anterior teeth, near the gingiva.
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Q: What is the furcation of a tooth?
A: The branching point of a multi-rooted tooth (bifurcation = 2 roots, trifurcation = 3 roots).
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Q: What is the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)?
A: The point where cementum and enamel layers meet on a tooth’s surface.
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Q: What is a root trunk?
A: The area of a tooth root between the CEJ and the furcation.
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Q: Which teeth are most commonly missing?
A:
1. Third molars (wisdom teeth).
2. Mandibular second premolars.
3. Maxillary lateral incisors.
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Q: What is an apex, and what is the apical foramen?
A:
- Apex: The tip of a tooth root.
- Apical foramen: The opening at the root tip where nerves and blood vessels enter/exit.