Study Notes on Ancient Chinese Civilization

Matching Terms and Definitions

  • Huang He

    • Definition: A river that flows from the Tibetan Highlands to the Yellow Sea; also known as the Yellow River.

  • Silk

    • Definition: A very thin cloth made from cocoons spun by worms.

  • Silk Roads

    • Definition: Trade routes from China to West Asia and Europe.

  • Shang Ti

    • Definition: The most important Chinese god; referred to as "the Ruler Above."

  • Confucianism

    • Definition: A religion developed by the philosopher Confucius; focuses on moral values and social harmony.

  • Taoism

    • Definition: A philosophy developed by Lao-tzu; emphasizes living in simplicity and harmony with the Tao (the Way).

  • Great Wall of China

    • Definition: Built to keep out invaders; constructed over a period of 2000 years; extends over 4,500 miles at its longest.

  • Shi Huang Ti

    • Definition: The first emperor of China; significant in establishing the Chinese imperial structure.

Multiple Choice Questions

  • Question 9: During which period was the Great Wall of China strengthened into a stone wall that was over 4,500 miles long?

    • a. Xia (Hsia) Dynasty
    • b. Shang Dynasty
    • c. Ming Dynasty
    • d. Chin Dynasty
    • Correct Answer: c. Ming Dynasty

  • Question 10: Which Chinese philosopher taught that people should withdraw from society and live very simple lives in harmony with nature?

    • a. Shi Huang Ti
    • b. Lao-tzu
    • c. Confucius
    • d. Shang Ti
    • Correct Answer: b. Lao-tzu

  • Question 11: Which item was NOT something invented by the Chinese?

    • a. microscope
    • b. crossbow
    • c. gunpowder
    • d. paper
    • Correct Answer: a. microscope

Constructed Response Question

  • Question 12: Why did the ancient Chinese worship their ancestors?
    • Ancient Chinese worshipped their ancestors as a practice rooted in the concepts of filial piety and hierarchy, reflecting the importance of respecting and honoring family members who had passed away. This practice involved performing rituals and offers to ensure family well-being and maintain harmony between the living and the dead.
    • Key Points:
      • Filial piety: A virtue of respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors.
      • Hierarchical structure: emphasized familial and societal order, where respecting ancestors was linked to social stability
      • Rituals: Included ceremonies and offerings to honor ancestors and seek their guidance or blessings.