Respiration test

Here’s a breakdown of the answers to each of your questions:

1. Appearance of a Smoker's Lung: The lung of a smoker typically looks darker and more damaged than a healthy lung.

Instead of the pink color it often appears gray or blackened due to tar and other chemicals from cigarettes. There may also be inflammation, damaged tissue, and mucus build-up, along with a rough texture from scar tissue and damage from conditions like emphysema.

2. Why Smoking is Banned in Public Places (Benefits):

• Protects non-smokers from secondhand smoke, which can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular issues.

• It helps reduce the risk of lung cancer, asthma, and other health issues in the general population.

• It creates a cleaner environment, decreases fire risks, and may encourage smokers to reduce or quit smoking.

3. Addictive Substance in Cigarettes (Nicotine): Nicotine is the primary addictive substance in cigarettes.

• It stimulates the release of dopamine in the brain, creating a pleasurable sensation that reinforces the habit.

4. Why Humans Need Oxygen to Stay Alive: Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration, the process by which cells generate energy (ATP).

• This energy fuels all bodily functions. Without oxygen, cells cannot produce ATP effectively, leading to cell death and ultimately, failure of vital organs.

5. Where Respiration Takes Place: Respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells, where oxygen is used to break down glucose into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

6. What Happens in the Muscles When You’re in a Race and They’re Deprived of Oxygen: During intense exercise, if muscles do not receive enough oxygen, they switch to anaerobic respiration to generate energy. This process is less efficient and leads to the production of lactic acid.

- 6a. Why Muscles Become Strained of O₂ When Running: When you’re running, your muscles demand more oxygen to produce energy quickly. The system may struggle to supply enough oxygen in intense activity, leading to oxygen dept in muscle cells.

- 6b. What is Produced, How it’s Produced, and How it Affects Performance: Lactic acid is produced . The buildup of lactic acid causes muscle fatigue, soreness, and decreased performance, making it harder to sustain high-intensity effort.

- 6c. What’s Produced in Plants Under Similar Conditions: When plants are deprived of oxygen, they undergo anaerobic respiration as well, producing ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide. This process is called fermentation it enables plants to produce energy in low-oxygen conditions.