SB4 Bio

Binomial system - using 2 Latin words for naming species created by carl Linnaeus(1707-1778)

Evolution - gradual change of characteristics in a species over time

ardipithecus ramidus - 4.4 million year old fossilised bones from female of extinct human-like species (ardi) discovered in 1992

features of ardi - 1.2m 50 kg skull volume: 350cm^3. long arms and toes to climb trees. able to walk upright

Australopithecus afarensis - discovered in 1974. 3.9 -3 million years old (Lucy)

features of lucy - 3.2 million years old. 1.07m tall skull volume :400cm^3. same toe arrangement of modern humans but more curved able to walk upright

homo habilis - 2.4 -1.4 million years old. discovered by Leakeys in 1960s. homo habilis = handy man

features of homo habilis - skull volume: 500-600cm^3 considered closely related to humans. short with long arms. Walked upright

homo erectus - 1.8 -0.5 million years old, discovered in late 19th

features of homo erectus - 1.79m strongly built skull volume :850 cm^3

stone tools - rocks used for different ways to live

evolution of stone tools - older simpler ones become more sophisticated and were used to make clothes, hunt or cutting meat

scientists can work out ages of different layers of rocks