ALLERGIES/DISORDERS/DISEASES terms

17. Food allergy:

 Occurs when the immune system responds to a protein which it regards as

harmful and acts against it.

 It is a response to the immune system

18. Milk allergy:

 Is caused when the immune system reacts to the milk proteins and regards it as

harmful. This can be life threatening

19. Food intolerance:

 Does not involve the immune system

 Is a non-allergic hypersensitivity to a certain food, drink, food additives that

causes particular symptoms in the body

20. Dairy/lactose intolerance:

 The body lacks the enzyme lactase in the small intestine that breaks down milk

sugars into glucose and galactose so that it can be absorbed into the blood

stream

 Is the inability to digest the lactose (sugar in milk) found in dairy products due

to the lack of enzyme lactase

21. Gluten intolerance (Celiac disease):

 Is an intestinal disorder that occurs when the body cannot tolerate gluten

causing inflammation and long-term damage to the walls of the small intestine

that causes the nutrients to pass through quickly without being absorbed

(gluten is the protein found in oats, wheat, rye, barley)

EATING DISORDERS

22. Anorexia nervosa:

 Is the restricted food intake to the point of excessive and dangerous weight loss

 The victim literally starve themselves to death

 Eating disorder that causes an obsession about body weight and diet with the

fear of gaining weight

23. Bulimia nervosa:

 It is when a person eats large amounts of food (binge eating) in a very short

space of time and the gets rid of by vomiting or using laxative or drugs.

24. Obesity:

 It is when the weight exceeds a standard based on height

 Is a condition of excessive fatness to the extent that it has a harmful effect on

health

FOOD-BORNE DISEASES

25. Hepatitis A (infective jaundice)

 Is a contagious liver disease that is caused by the hepatitis A virus

26. Tuberculosis (TB)

 Is a serious, chronic bacterial infection affecting mostly lungs

27. E-coli infection:

 Is a type of bacterium that is found in the digestive track (intestines) of healthy

humans and animals and is usually harmless. Some E-coli cause infection of the

intestine

28. Dysentery:

 Is the diarrhoea in which the loose and watery stools containing visible blood.

 It is an intestinal infection

29. Gastro-enteritis:

 It is an inflammation that irritates the inner lining of the stomach in reaction to

an infection caused by a virus, bacterium, toxic substances or medication