World Music

Africa

Fontomfrom Ensemble

  • Instruments:

  • Dawuro bell - a metallic bell

  • From - tall, heavy, low-pitched drum

  • Eguankoba - thin, high-pitched drum

  • Atumpan - middle-pitched, large, and heavy drum

  • Origin: Ghana

  • Use: To honor chiefs

People Groups and History

  • Mande People History: Indigenous to West Africa, known for griots (oral historians) and influence on kora music.

  • Akan People History: Indigenous to Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, notable for traditions around music, storytelling, and royalty.

  • Jelilu: Musicians and storytellers (griots) in Mande society, maintain oral history.

African Diaspora Music Influence

  • Influenced various music genres globally, especially in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Kora (How to Play)

  • A 21-string instrument played by plucking with thumbs and index fingers, known for its role in Mande music.

Isicathamiya

A style of South African a cappella singing, popularized by groups like Ladysmith Black Mambazo.

Instruments

  • Kora: Harp-like instrument

  • Fontomfrom Ensemble Instruments: Dawuro, From, Eguankoba, Atumpan



Latin America

Dance Genres

  1. Samba - Brazil

  2. Bossa Nova - Brazil

  3. Tango - Argentina

  4. Tango Nuevo - Argentina

  5. Rumba - Cuba

  6. Contradanza - Cuba

  7. Danzón - Cuba

  8. Son - Cuba

  9. Danzón-mambo - Cuba

  10. Cha Cha Chá - Cuba

  11. Mambo - New York (with Cuban and Puerto Rican influences)

  12. Salsa - Origin in Cuban dance forms, also Puerto Rican influence

Background of "Oye Como Va"

  • Composed by Tito Puente, made famous by Santana; embodies Afro-Cuban rhythm and jazz influence.

Cha Cha Chá Instrumentation

  • Features Cuban percussion (claves, congas, bongos), piano, bass, and flute.

New York Mambo Features

  • Ensemble includes trumpets, trombones, timbales, congas, and bongos, blending jazz elements.

Diasporas of African and Latin American Music

  • African influence on rhythms, percussion, and melodies in Latin America, creating diverse styles.

Latin American Countries to Identify on a Map

  • Cuba, Trinidad, Puerto Rico, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Chile

Instruments

  • Steel Drums, Timbales, Guiro, Maracas, Congas, Bongós, Claves

  • Mariachi Band Instruments: Typically includes trumpet, guitar, vihuela, guitarrón, violin

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### Middle East

#### Maqam

- System of melodic modes, guiding scales, pitch, and structure in Middle Eastern music.

#### Takht Ensemble Instruments

- Instruments: Ud (lute), Qanun (zither), Nay (flute), Violin, Riqq (tambourine)

#### Dance Associated with Middle Eastern Music

1. Raqs Baladi - Traditional folk dance

2. Raqs Sharqi - More stylized, theatrical form, often seen in belly dance

3. Raqs Baladi with Foreign Elements - Hollywood and Western influences

4. Belly Dance

5. Zaar - Ritualistic dance

6. Ghawazi - Traditional Egyptian dance style

#### Iraq

- Joza: Traditional string instrument, similar to rebab in other cultures.

#### Middle Eastern Melody Instruments

- Mizraq

#### Turkey

Instruments to Identify

- Saz - Long-necked lute

- Kemençe - Small, bowed string instrument

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### Middle Eastern Countries to Identify on a Map

1. Ud - Short-necked lute

2. Tabla - Drum with a distinct tone used in Arabic music

3. Qanun - Zither-like instrument

4. Nay - End-blown flute

5. Riqq - Small tambourine

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### Additional Resources

Africa, Latin America, Turkey, and Middle East links - Access recordings, maps, and study resources on provided SharePoint links.