FILLED IN Totalitarianism + the Rise of New Leaders note

Treaty of Versailles: The peace treaty that ended World War I, which imposed heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, causing widespread discontent.
Black Tuesday, 1929: The stock market crash that marked the beginning of the Great Depression, leading to economic turmoil.
Great Depression during 1930s: Severe worldwide economic downturn that exacerbated the socio-economic conditions in Germany, increasing unemployment and poverty.
Increasing influence of new political parties: Emergence of radical political parties focusing on state control, contributing to disillusionment with democracy.

Definition: Totalitarianism is a form of government that establishes complete control over all aspects of the state, including political, military, economy, social, and cultural life.
Characteristics of Totalitarianism:
- Highly nationalistic: Emphasis on extreme loyalty and pride in the nation.
- Strict laws: Enforcement of harsh regulations to ensure compliance.
- One leader: Centralized power under a single authority.
- Military state: Cultivation of a strong military presence and influence.
- Terror and fear: Use of police and propaganda to instill fear in the populace.

Nazism: The ideology of the Nazi Party, focusing on racial superiority and national unity.
Communism: A political theory advocating for a classless society and collective ownership of the means of production.
Fascism: An authoritarian and nationalistic ideology emphasizing the supremacy of the state over individual rights.

Interests of the State in Fascism:
- Intense nationalism and elitism.
- Totalitarian control over all aspects of life.
- The state's interests are prioritized over individual rights.
- Maintenance of the class system and allowance for private ownership.

Hitler’s Concept of Lebensraum: The belief that Germans required additional living space for expansion and growth.