Midterm Study Guide

Native American Oral Literature

The Iroquois Creation Story

Beginnings; similar to Genesis

Trickster tales- most ancient form of tales(Winnebago)

Oratory- first stories Europeans recognized

1634- first contact with Europeans

Trickster and the Bulb, 30 Tribes of Powhatan, Navajo Origin Legend

William Bradford

1630 to 1650- Of Plymouth Plantation- First book of English History

Voyage on Mayflower to Virginia

Very religious, was a Pastor

Wrote About Mayflower Compact

First Person to Use the word Pilgrims

Anne Bradstreet

Produced First Sustained Body of Poetry in British North America

Published “The Tenth Muse”

Tragic Life: Absent Husband, Eight Kids, House Fire, Very Sickly

“The Author to Her Book” “To My Dear and Loving Husband” “To My Dear Children” “The Prologue”

Mary Rowlandson

Native Captive

One of the first captivity narratives

Insight into Puritan strict worldview

“A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs.Mary Rowlandson”

Religion got her through capture

Benjamin Franklin

Drafted up Declaration of Independence

Signed the Treaty of Paris

“Way to Wealth” “Speech of Ms.Polly Baker” “Remarks Concerning Savages of North America”

“Poor Richard’s Almanae’s”

Valued Hard Work

First example of plagiarism

Did not agree with slavery

Thomas Jefferson

1785: First Publication of “Notes of States of VA”

Insane debt at end of life

Sally Hemmings - enslaved lover

“Notes on State of VA” - notes on government

Drafted Declaration of Independence

Governor, Vice President, President

Thomas Paine

“Common Sense” “Rights of a Man”

Persecuted for supporting the French Revolution

Political Scene as a Journalist

Incredibly Controversial

Olaudah Equiano

Published his autobiography in 1789: "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African"

Purchased his freedom in 1766 after saving money from working while enslaved

Became a free abolitionist, writer, and public speaker

Born in 1745 in what is now Nigeria

Kidnapped at Age 11 and sold into slavery

Washington Irving

Birth: April 3rd, 1783 in New York

Author, Historian, Biographer, Essayist, Diplomat

Humor and Sarcasm

Themes (Satire and Supernatural)

Sketchbook and Biographer: Christopher Columbus and George Washington

Influence on Christmas

“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

“Rip Van Winkle”

Nathaniel Hawthorne

July 4th, 1804 in Salem, MA

Wrote the Scarlet Letter

Wrote House of the Seven Grables

Bowdoin College

Emphasized sin and pessimistic view of human nature

Edgar Allen Poe

Writer, poet, editor, critic

Birth: January 19th, 1809

Themes of romanticism and horror and peril and violent

Most famous poem: The Raven

The Black Cat and The Tell-Tale Heart

Gave his friend his papers and ruined his reputation

Serious gambling and drinking problem

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Phyllis Wheatley

Crevecour